文章來源:《國(guo)資報告》雜(za)志 發(fa)布時(shi)間:2019-12-11
近(jin)日,中(zhong)共中(zhong)央辦公廳(ting)、國務(wu)院辦公廳(ting)印發《中(zhong)央企業(ye)領導(dao)人員管理規定》(以下簡稱《規定》),這(zhe)是貫徹習近(jin)平新(xin)時代中(zhong)國特(te)色社會主義思想和黨(dang)的十九大精(jing)神的重要舉措,是多年來特(te)別是黨(dang)的十八大以來中(zhong)央企業(ye)領導(dao)人員管理經驗的科(ke)學總結提升(sheng)。
《規(gui)(gui)(gui)定》適時回應了加強中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員管理(li)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代新(xin)(xin)(xin)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代新(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),呼喚(huan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)家的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)擔(dan)當(dang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)作為(wei),亟需完善(shan)培養造就、吸(xi)引凝聚、用好用活優(you)秀(xiu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)家的(de)(de)政(zheng)策法規(gui)(gui)(gui)。出臺旨(zhi)在深入貫徹以(yi)習近平同志為(wei)核心的(de)(de)黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)對國有(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)改革發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和黨的(de)(de)建(jian)設新(xin)(xin)(xin)思想新(xin)(xin)(xin)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu),更(geng)好激(ji)發(fa)(fa)和保護企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)家擔(dan)當(dang)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)有(you)為(wei)精神,強化(hua)從嚴從實管理(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)《規(gui)(gui)(gui)定》,對于(yu)加強黨對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)全面(mian)領(ling)導(dao),完善(shan)適應中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色現代國有(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)制(zhi)度要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)和市場競爭需要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)選(xuan)人(ren)(ren)用人(ren)(ren)機(ji)制(zhi),提高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員管理(li)工(gong)作質(zhi)(zhi)量,造就“對黨忠誠、勇于(yu)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)、治企(qi)(qi)有(you)方、興企(qi)(qi)有(you)為(wei)、清正廉(lian)潔”的(de)(de)高(gao)素質(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員隊伍,進一步激(ji)勵中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代新(xin)(xin)(xin)擔(dan)當(dang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)作為(wei),把中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設成為(wei)黨和人(ren)(ren)民可(ke)信賴、可(ke)依靠的(de)(de)“大國重(zhong)器(qi)”,具有(you)十分重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)意義。
《規定(ding)》科學體(ti)(ti)現了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業領(ling)(ling)導人(ren)員(yuan)管理必(bi)須堅(jian)持(chi)黨(dang)(dang)管干(gan)(gan)(gan)部原(yuan)則(ze)。國有(you)企(qi)業是(shi)(shi)全面(mian)建設小康社(she)(she)會的重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)力量,是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色社(she)(she)會主(zhu)義的重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)支柱,是(shi)(shi)我們黨(dang)(dang)執政(zheng)的重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)基礎(chu)(chu)(chu);中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業領(ling)(ling)導人(ren)員(yuan)群(qun)體(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)黨(dang)(dang)在(zai)經(jing)濟領(ling)(ling)域(yu)的執政(zheng)骨(gu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)隊伍,治國理政(zheng)復合型人(ren)才的重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)來源。堅(jian)持(chi)黨(dang)(dang)管干(gan)(gan)(gan)部原(yuan)則(ze),是(shi)(shi)黨(dang)(dang)對國有(you)企(qi)業全面(mian)領(ling)(ling)導的重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)體(ti)(ti)現,是(shi)(shi)夯實中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色社(she)(she)會主(zhu)義重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物質基礎(chu)(chu)(chu)和(he)政(zheng)治基礎(chu)(chu)(chu)的根本(ben)保證。《規定(ding)》的諸多環(huan)節科學體(ti)(ti)現了(le)黨(dang)(dang)管干(gan)(gan)(gan)部原(yuan)則(ze)。比如,在(zai)選拔任(ren)用(yong)(yong)工作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),從(cong)提出工作(zuo)方(fang)案到(dao)確定(ding)考察對象,從(cong)嚴格考察到(dao)集(ji)體(ti)(ti)討(tao)論(lun)決定(ding)等各個環(huan)節,強調都(dou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)發(fa)揮黨(dang)(dang)組(zu)織的領(ling)(ling)導和(he)把關作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。再(zai)如,在(zai)董事會選聘(pin)經(jing)理層(ceng)成員(yuan)試(shi)點(dian)工作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),強調上級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)組(zu)織要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)確定(ding)標準(zhun)、規范(fan)程序、參與考察、推(tui)薦人(ren)選等方(fang)面(mian)發(fa)揮作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)等等。
《規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》著重(zhong)強(qiang)調了在(zai)中央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理中的市場(chang)規(gui)律(lv)作用(yong)(yong)。《規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》強(qiang)調,對中央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的管(guan)理,必須準確(que)把握市場(chang)規(gui)律(lv),注(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)發揮市場(chang)機制(zhi)作用(yong)(yong)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)豐(feng)富和完(wan)善市場(chang)化(hua)選(xuan)(xuan)人(ren)方式(shi)(shi),明確(que)將公(gong)開遴選(xuan)(xuan)作為選(xuan)(xuan)拔任(ren)用(yong)(yong)中央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)方式(shi)(shi)之一(yi),明確(que)對經理層(ceng)成員(yuan)(yuan)的選(xuan)(xuan)拔任(ren)用(yong)(yong)可以(yi)(yi)采取競(jing)聘(pin)上(shang)崗、公(gong)開招(zhao)聘(pin)和委托推(tui)薦等方式(shi)(shi),進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步擴大(da)選(xuan)(xuan)人(ren)用(yong)(yong)人(ren)視野。二是(shi)(shi)明確(que)提出(chu)(chu)對中央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)實行任(ren)期制(zhi)(聘(pin)期制(zhi)),對經理層(ceng)成員(yuan)(yuan)可以(yi)(yi)實行聘(pin)任(ren)制(zhi),推(tui)進(jin)(jin)契(qi)約(yue)化(hua)管(guan)理。三(san)是(shi)(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)中央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)經營(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績考(kao)核,注(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)區別企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)功能定(ding)(ding)位,注(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對標,注(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)中央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)班子成員(yuan)(yuan)全覆蓋。四是(shi)(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)市場(chang)化(hua)退出(chu)(chu),包括對不(bu)適宜擔任(ren)現職(zhi)的中央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)行組織調整(zheng),以(yi)(yi)及因企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展戰略調整(zheng)、產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型、兼并重(zhong)組等需要(yao)對中央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)行調整(zheng)等,形(xing)成優(you)勝(sheng)劣汰、優(you)進(jin)(jin)絀退的機制(zhi)。五是(shi)(shi)提出(chu)(chu)合理增加(jia)經理層(ceng)中市場(chang)化(hua)選(xuan)(xuan)聘(pin)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經理人(ren)比例,穩(wen)妥推(tui)進(jin)(jin)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經理人(ren)制(zhi)度建(jian)設,有序推(tui)進(jin)(jin)董事(shi)會(hui)選(xuan)(xuan)聘(pin)經理層(ceng)成員(yuan)(yuan)試點(dian)工(gong)作。
《規(gui)定》更加(jia)明確(que)了對中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業領(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員的高標(biao)準嚴要求。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)在選拔任用的基本(ben)條件(jian)中(zhong)逐(zhu)一(yi)(yi)細(xi)化(hua)“對黨(dang)忠誠(cheng)、勇(yong)(yong)于創新、治(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)有方(fang)、興企(qi)(qi)(qi)有為(wei)、清正廉(lian)潔”要求,強調(diao)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業領(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員必(bi)須(xu)(xu)旗幟鮮明講政治(zhi)(zhi),牢(lao)固樹立“四個意識(shi)”,堅(jian)決(jue)維(wei)護習近平(ping)總書記的核(he)心地位,堅(jian)決(jue)維(wei)護黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)權威和集中(zhong)統一(yi)(yi)領(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao),堅(jian)決(jue)執行(xing)黨(dang)和國家的方(fang)針(zhen)政策;必(bi)須(xu)(xu)具(ju)(ju)有強烈的創新意識(shi)和創新自信,敢(gan)(gan)闖敢(gan)(gan)試、敢(gan)(gan)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)先;必(bi)須(xu)(xu)具(ju)(ju)有較強的治(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)(neng)力,善于把(ba)握市場經(jing)濟(ji)規(gui)律(lv)和企(qi)(qi)(qi)業發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)律(lv),懂(dong)經(jing)營、會管(guan)理、善決(jue)策;必(bi)須(xu)(xu)具(ju)(ju)有正確(que)的業績(ji)觀,勇(yong)(yong)擔當,善作為(wei),工作業績(ji)突(tu)出(chu);必(bi)須(xu)(xu)具(ju)(ju)有良好的職業操守(shou)和個人(ren)(ren)品(pin)行(xing),嚴守(shou)底(di)線,廉(lian)潔從(cong)業。二是(shi)強調(diao)加(jia)強對中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業領(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員綜(zong)合(he)考核(he)評價(jia)、經(jing)營業績(ji)考核(he)、黨(dang)建(jian)工作責任制落實(shi)情(qing)況考核(he),強化(hua)抓改革(ge)、強黨(dang)建(jian)、促發(fa)展(zhan)導(dao)向,引導(dao)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業領(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員做到忠誠(cheng)干凈擔當。三是(shi)強調(diao)以強化(hua)忠誠(cheng)意識(shi)、拓展(zhan)國際視野(ye)、提高戰略思維(wei)、增強創新精神、提升(sheng)治(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)(neng)力、鍛造(zao)優秀品(pin)行(xing)為(wei)重(zhong)點,加(jia)強對中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業領(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)人(ren)(ren)員的教(jiao)育培訓(xun)和實(shi)踐(jian)鍛煉。
《規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》突出(chu)(chu)(chu)了對(dui)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)擔當有為要求(qiu)和(he)(he)(he)正向(xiang)激(ji)勵(li)(li)。中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)正處(chu)在高質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)攻關期,急需充分調動(dong)(dong)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)干(gan)事(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)積極性、主動(dong)(dong)性、創(chuang)(chuang)造性。對(dui)此,《規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》堅持從實際出(chu)(chu)(chu)發(fa)(fa),明確了一些具體要求(qiu)。一是(shi)發(fa)(fa)揮正確用人(ren)導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)的(de)(de)激(ji)勵(li)(li)作(zuo)用。《規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》提出(chu)(chu)(chu),對(dui)敢于(yu)(yu)負責(ze)、勇于(yu)(yu)擔當、善于(yu)(yu)作(zuo)為、業(ye)(ye)(ye)績突出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)人(ren)員(yuan),應當及(ji)時(shi)提拔重(zhong)(zhong)用,激(ji)勵(li)(li)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)講(jiang)擔當、重(zhong)(zhong)擔當。二是(shi)建立容錯(cuo)糾錯(cuo)機制(zhi)(zhi)。《規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》從目的(de)(de)正當、禁(jin)止排除、程序合(he)(he)規(gui)、行為合(he)(he)法、結果合(he)(he)理等五(wu)個維(wei)度明確可以(yi)容錯(cuo)的(de)(de)基本條件,引導(dao)(dao)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)爭(zheng)當改革的(de)(de)促進派(pai)、實干(gan)家,專(zhuan)心致(zhi)志(zhi)為黨(dang)(dang)和(he)(he)(he)人(ren)民干(gan)事(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、建功立業(ye)(ye)(ye)。三是(shi)完(wan)善薪酬分配(pei)和(he)(he)(he)激(ji)勵(li)(li)機制(zhi)(zhi)。《規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》提出(chu)(chu)(chu)堅持物質激(ji)勵(li)(li)與精神激(ji)勵(li)(li)相結合(he)(he)、短期激(ji)勵(li)(li)與任(ren)期激(ji)勵(li)(li)相結合(he)(he),激(ji)發(fa)(fa)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)創(chuang)(chuang)新活力和(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)動(dong)(dong)力。四(si)是(shi)加大表彰宣傳力度。《規(gui)定(ding)(ding)》提出(chu)(chu)(chu),對(dui)在企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改革發(fa)(fa)展、黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)建設(she)中(zhong)作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)突出(chu)(chu)(chu)貢獻,以(yi)及(ji)在完(wan)成重(zhong)(zhong)大專(zhuan)項(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)重(zhong)(zhong)大改革任(ren)務、處(chu)置突發(fa)(fa)事(shi)件等工作(zuo)中(zhong)表現突出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)人(ren)員(yuan),及(ji)時(shi)予以(yi)表彰。
《規定(ding)》切實(shi)加強(qiang)了對中(zhong)央企業領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)從嚴(yan)管理(li)(li)(li)。堅持(chi)問題(ti)導(dao)向(xiang),針對一(yi)(yi)段時間(jian)以(yi)來中(zhong)央企業領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)管理(li)(li)(li)上(shang)存在的(de)寬松軟問題(ti),《規定(ding)》提出(chu)(chu)了黨要管黨、全面從嚴(yan)治黨的(de)一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列(lie)措施。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)提出(chu)(chu)完善中(zhong)央企業領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)管理(li)(li)(li)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)明(ming)確(que)了各(ge)管理(li)(li)(li)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)主體(ti)(ti)的(de)基本要求,有(you)利于優化(hua)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)資(zi)源、增強(qiang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)合力(li)、提高監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)效能。二是(shi)(shi)強(qiang)調(diao)上(shang)級黨組織及其組織部門(men)、紀檢監(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)關要全方位、多角(jiao)度、近距離(li)了解識別中(zhong)央企業領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan),加強(qiang)日常管理(li)(li)(li)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du),把(ba)管思想、管工作(zuo)、管作(zuo)風(feng)、管紀律統一(yi)(yi)起來,做到真管真嚴(yan)、敢管敢嚴(yan)、長(chang)管長(chang)嚴(yan)。三是(shi)(shi)提出(chu)(chu)中(zhong)央企業黨委(黨組)應當以(yi)黨章為根(gen)本遵(zun)循,加強(qiang)和規范黨內政(zheng)治生活(huo)(huo),增強(qiang)黨內政(zheng)治生活(huo)(huo)的(de)政(zheng)治性、時代(dai)性、原則性、戰(zhan)斗性,營造(zao)風(feng)清氣正的(de)良(liang)好政(zheng)治生態。四是(shi)(shi)對中(zhong)央企業“三重一(yi)(yi)大”事(shi)項集體(ti)(ti)決策和中(zhong)央企業領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)兼(jian)職(zhi)、出(chu)(chu)國管理(li)(li)(li)、配偶(ou)子女經(jing)商(shang)辦企業等,都作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)了明(ming)確(que)規定(ding)。
制度的(de)(de)(de)生命(ming)力在(zai)于執(zhi)行。我們(men)堅信,在(zai)以習近平同(tong)志為核心的(de)(de)(de)黨中(zhong)央堅強領導(dao)下,隨著《規定(ding)》的(de)(de)(de)深(shen)入貫徹落實,國有(you)企業領導(dao)人員管(guan)理工作(zuo)水平和質(zhi)量必(bi)將(jiang)有(you)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)提升,國有(you)企業領導(dao)人員隊伍建設必(bi)將(jiang)有(you)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)加強,培育具有(you)全球(qiu)競爭(zheng)力的(de)(de)(de)世界一流(liu)企業目標必(bi)將(jiang)有(you)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)突破。(國務院國資(zi)委(wei)研究中(zhong)心主任(ren) 李明星(xing))