文章來源:中國中化控股有限責(ze)任(ren)公(gong)司 發(fa)布時間:2023-08-02
中(zhong)種(zhong)農(nong)(nong)業科(ke)技(廣州)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)是中(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)化(hua)下屬先正達(da)集團中(zhong)國(guo)水稻種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)業務單元(yuan),是中(zhong)國(guo)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)集團有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)全資子(zi)(zi)公(gong)(gong)司(si),經營(ying)范圍包(bao)括農(nong)(nong)作物(wu)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)生產(chan)(chan)經營(ying);農(nong)(nong)業科(ke)學研究和試驗(yan)發展;農(nong)(nong)作物(wu)栽培(pei)服(fu)務;農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的生產(chan)(chan)、銷(xiao)售、加工(gong)、運輸、貯藏(zang)及其他相關服(fu)務;農(nong)(nong)作物(wu)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)質量檢驗(yan);轉基(ji)因農(nong)(nong)作物(wu)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)生產(chan)(chan)等(deng)。近(jin)年來,企(qi)業經營(ying)狀態良(liang)好(hao),公(gong)(gong)司(si)業務快速發展,每年銷(xiao)售種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)約500萬公(gong)(gong)斤左右,種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)主要來源于合約制種(zhong)商。
基(ji)于對半(ban)成(cheng)品種(zhong)子(zi)的(de)采(cai)購需求,中種(zhong)農業科技以供(gong)應鏈融通模式,為中小(xiao)企(qi)業提(ti)(ti)供(gong)采(cai)購訂單、合(he)作進行種(zhong)子(zi)生(sheng)產(chan)研究,并(bing)指導制(zhi)種(zhong)商改進其生(sheng)產(chan)加工(gong)流程,提(ti)(ti)升其質量管理意識(shi),建立標準(zhun)的(de)種(zhong)子(zi)生(sheng)產(chan)體系,帶(dai)動行業發展(zhan)。
作為種(zhong)子生產經(jing)營的龍頭企(qi)業(ye),中種(zhong)農(nong)業(ye)科技在(zai)完成(cheng)自己(ji)(ji)經(jing)營目標(biao)的同時(shi),以促進(jin)大中小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)融通創新,帶(dai)動整個(ge)行業(ye)發展為己(ji)(ji)任。不僅是采購合(he)約制(zhi)種(zhong)商的半(ban)成(cheng)品(pin)種(zhong)子,更要幫助(zhu)中小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)協同發展。
提供采購訂單。2021年,中種(zhong)農業科(ke)技公司采購(gou)水稻(dao)半成品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)子約400萬(wan)公斤(jin),全部由合(he)(he)約制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)商訂(ding)單(dan)供應(ying),2022年,中種(zhong)農業科(ke)技與全國40多位制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)商合(he)(he)作,達成水稻(dao)半成品(pin)(pin)采購(gou)訂(ding)單(dan)500萬(wan)公斤(jin)以上。通過采購(gou)訂(ding)單(dan),讓(rang)制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)商不(bu)用(yong)擔(dan)心(xin)生產出來(lai)的(de)(de)半成品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)子的(de)(de)銷售問題,同時也為(wei)公司自身(shen)的(de)(de)種(zhong)子供應(ying)提供了保障(zhang)。
推行種子生產技術研究。從上世(shi)紀70年(nian)代三系配套成(cheng)(cheng)功開始(shi),水稻(dao)種(zhong)植畝產(chan)(chan)(chan)年(nian)年(nian)攀升,而水稻(dao)制(zhi)種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量卻只在(zai)(zai)100-150Kg徘(pai)徊,有極個(ge)別的(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)可以達到200Kg以上水平(ping),但是不能在(zai)(zai)整個(ge)行(xing)業進行(xing)“復制(zhi)”推廣。另外,中(zhong)國(guo)水稻(dao)制(zhi)種(zhong)目前(qian)主要集中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)四川、貴州、湖南、江西、福建、江蘇、廣東、廣西、海南等10多個(ge)省份,區域(yu)分布廣,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態氣候各異,栽培習慣(guan),管理水平(ping),各地生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)條件都有很大(da)的(de)(de)差別,無法在(zai)(zai)大(da)規模(mo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)時,將“高(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)”復制(zhi)。因(yin)此(ci),針對(dui)單個(ge)品(pin)種(zhong)找到最佳生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態區域(yu),配合最佳的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)方案,才(cai)能將制(zhi)種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量提高(gao)(gao)。2021年(nian)-2022年(nian),中(zhong)種(zhong)農(nong)(nong)業科(ke)技公司在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)與19家制(zhi)種(zhong)單位合作開展(zhan)種(zhong)子生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)研究,根據不同(tong)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境建立(li)水稻(dao)制(zhi)種(zhong)研究試驗(yan)(yan)點,通(tong)過(guo)“三步走”(親本(ben)(ben)觀察(cha)、探索小制(zhi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)驗(yan)(yan)證)的(de)(de)策略,對(dui)公司后續(xu)新品(pin)種(zhong)親本(ben)(ben)進行(xing)試驗(yan)(yan),提高(gao)(gao)品(pin)種(zhong)的(de)(de)可生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)性(xing)、降低制(zhi)種(zhong)商和農(nong)(nong)戶的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)、控制(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)風險、提高(gao)(gao)種(zhong)子商品(pin)質量。
推廣水稻制種全程機械化。可以(yi)大幅(fu)減少人(ren)工,降低制種(zhong)商和制種(zhong)戶的生(sheng)產成本約300元/畝,同時(shi)提高了種(zhong)子質量(liang)。
籌建先正達集團中國水稻種子供應鏈創新中心。以(yi)前種(zhong)子生(sheng)產過程中,是農戶自己(ji)收割,自己(ji)晾曬或烘(hong)干(gan),種(zhong)子質量(liang)參差不齊,得不到保證。2022-2023年,中種(zhong)農業科技在建寧籌建先正達(da)集團中國水(shui)稻種(zhong)子供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)創新中心,建成以(yi)后,將服務建寧縣及其周(zhou)邊的制(zhi)種(zhong)商,種(zhong)子收獲后直接運到供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)創新中心進(jin)行烘(hong)干(gan)和加工(gong)包裝,年加工(gong)能力可以(yi)達(da)到1000萬公斤。標準化的田間生(sheng)產和先進(jin)的加工(gong)工(gong)藝,極大地提(ti)升了(le)種(zhong)子質量(liang)。
通(tong)過(guo)供應鏈融合(he)創新模式在(zai)2022年給(gei)合(he)作(zuo)的制種(zhong)(zhong)商(shang)(shang)(中小企業)提供半成品種(zhong)(zhong)子采購訂單(dan)約500萬公(gong)斤,并在(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)子生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程中,通(tong)過(guo)專業技(ji)術人才全(quan)程指導其田間生(sheng)產(chan)、收獲(huo)和精(jing)選(xuan),改進和優化過(guo)程管理措(cuo)施,強化其質(zhi)量意識,加(jia)強其質(zhi)量管理,提高種(zhong)(zhong)子質(zhi)量,為合(he)作(zuo)的制種(zhong)(zhong)商(shang)(shang)(中小企業)利(li)用制種(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)程機械化技(ji)術,每畝節約成本(ben)300元左右,同時,幫(bang)助其建立從播種(zhong)(zhong)、育秧、移栽、田間除雜、機械輔助授粉、父本(ben)割除、收獲(huo)、烘(hong)干(gan)到精(jing)選(xuan)的全(quan)過(guo)程管理標(biao)準體系,培養專業化種(zhong)(zhong)子生(sheng)產(chan)人才40人。
綜合(he)來看,水稻種(zhong)子生(sheng)產(chan)研(yan)究是(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)個行業(ye)(ye)的(de)創新之舉,同時也是(shi)為(wei)制種(zhong)商(shang)提供節省(sheng)生(sheng)產(chan)成本、降低風險(xian)的(de)重要舉措(cuo)。整(zheng)(zheng)合(he)大(da)企業(ye)(ye)的(de)科(ke)研(yan)實力和(he)中小企業(ye)(ye)的(de)地(di)理分布和(he)人員優勢,建立從播(bo)種(zhong)、育秧、移栽(zai)、田間除雜、機械輔助(zhu)授粉、父本割(ge)除、收獲、烘干(gan)到精選的(de)全過程(cheng)管理標準體系,為(wei)整(zheng)(zheng)個行業(ye)(ye)發展起(qi)到很好推動作(zuo)用。供應鏈創新中心的(de)建立是(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)個行業(ye)(ye)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)加工(gong)工(gong)藝流(liu)程(cheng)的(de)革新。工(gong)藝流(liu)程(cheng)的(de)變革為(wei)制種(zhong)商(shang)降低成本,降低風險(xian),對提高種(zhong)子質(zhi)量意(yi)義重大(da)。
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