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國務(wu)院國資委(wei)近日(ri)印(yin)發《中央企業工資總額管理辦法》（國資委(wei)令第39號，以(yi)下簡稱《辦法》）。

《辦(ban)法》以(yi)(yi)習近平新時代中國特色社(she)會(hui)主義思想為指引，以(yi)(yi)建立(li)健全與勞(lao)動(dong)力市場基(ji)本(ben)適應、與企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟效益和(he)勞(lao)動(dong)生產率掛(gua)鉤的(de)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)決(jue)定和(he)正常增(zeng)長(chang)機制(zhi)，增(zeng)強企(qi)業(ye)(ye)活力和(he)動(dong)力，促進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)實現高質量(liang)發展，推動(dong)國有資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)做(zuo)強做(zuo)優做(zuo)大為目標(biao)，以(yi)(yi)出資(zi)(zi)(zi)人管資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)為主強化激勵約束建設(she)為遵(zun)循，按(an)照《國務院關于改(gai)革國有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)決(jue)定機制(zhi)的(de)意見》（國發〔2018〕16號，以(yi)(yi)下簡稱《意見》）精神，在繼(ji)承以(yi)(yi)往有效經驗(yan)和(he)做(zuo)法的(de)基(ji)礎上，對(dui)現行(xing)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額管理(li)相關制(zhi)度辦(ban)法進行(xing)修改(gai)和(he)完(wan)善(shan)。

《辦法》明確對(dui)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)分類管理。對(dui)主業(ye)(ye)處于充分競爭行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)和(he)領域的(de)商業(ye)(ye)類中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)預算原則上全部(bu)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)備案制(zhi)管理，由企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)董事會在依法依規的(de)前(qian)提下，自主決定年度工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)預算，國(guo)資(zi)委由事前(qian)核準轉變為(wei)事前(qian)引導、事中監測和(he)事后監督；對(dui)主業(ye)(ye)處于關系(xi)國(guo)家安全、國(guo)民經(jing)濟命(ming)脈的(de)重要行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵領域、主要承擔重大專項任務(wu)的(de)商業(ye)(ye)類中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)以提供公共產品或(huo)服務(wu)為(wei)主的(de)公益類中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)預算繼(ji)續實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)核準制(zhi)管理；對(dui)開展(zhan)國(guo)有(you)資(zi)本投資(zi)、運(yun)營(ying)公司或(huo)者(zhe)混合所有(you)制(zhi)改革等(deng)試點的(de)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，提出(chu)可以探索實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)更(geng)加靈活(huo)高效(xiao)的(de)工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)管理方式。

《辦法》明確對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)(e)實行(xing)分(fen)級管(guan)理(li)。按照《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang) 國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院關(guan)于深化(hua)國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)(qi)業改革的指導意見(jian)》（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)〔2015〕22號，以(yi)下簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)22號文(wen)件）、《國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院辦公廳關(guan)于轉發(fa)國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委以(yi)管(guan)資(zi)本為主(zhu)推進職能轉變方案的通知》（國(guo)(guo)辦發(fa)〔2017〕38號）要求，結合(he)當前中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)(e)管(guan)理(li)實際(ji)，強調中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)(e)實行(xing)分(fen)級管(guan)理(li)體(ti)制，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業權(quan)責(ze)清晰、各司其職，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委負責(ze)管(guan)制度(du)、管(guan)總量、管(guan)監督，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業負責(ze)管(guan)內部自主(zhu)分(fen)配、管(guan)預算分(fen)解落實、管(guan)具體(ti)操作執行(xing)。

《辦法》緊緊圍繞中(zhong)發(fa)22號文件和(he)《意見》關(guan)于(yu)“建立(li)健全與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)勞動(dong)(dong)力(li)市場基本適(shi)應(ying)、與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)和(he)勞動(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產率(lv)掛(gua)鉤(gou)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)決定(ding)(ding)和(he)正常(chang)增長(chang)機制”的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，明確規定(ding)(ding)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算主要(yao)按照(zhao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)決定(ding)(ding)、效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)調整、水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)調控三個環節決定(ding)(ding)。一是(shi)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)利潤總額(e)等(deng)(deng)經(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)指標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)績考核目標(biao)值掛(gua)鉤(gou)，并且根據目標(biao)值的(de)(de)(de)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)程度確定(ding)(ding)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)預(yu)算水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)，引導(dao)(dao)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)通過完成高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)目標(biao)，帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)合理有(you)(you)序增長(chang)。二是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增長(chang)還應(ying)當(dang)通過人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本投入(ru)產出效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)、勞動(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產率(lv)等(deng)(deng)指標(biao)對(dui)標(biao)進(jin)(jin)行調整，進(jin)(jin)一步協調不同(tong)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)之(zhi)間(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分配關(guan)系，提高(gao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)決定(ding)(ding)機制的(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)性與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)性。三是(shi)注重(zhong)收入(ru)分配公平(ping)(ping)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)將按照(zhao)國(guo)家有(you)(you)關(guan)部門發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)指導(dao)(dao)線和(he)對(dui)非競(jing)爭類國(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)調控要(yao)求(qiu)，對(dui)部分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)偏高(gao)、過高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，尤其(qi)是(shi)主業(ye)(ye)不屬于(yu)充分競(jing)爭行業(ye)(ye)和(he)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增長(chang)過快的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況進(jin)(jin)行適(shi)當(dang)約(yue)束，確保企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)增長(chang)幅度更(geng)加公平(ping)(ping)合理、規范有(you)(you)序。同(tong)時，對(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)承擔重(zhong)大(da)專項(xiang)(xiang)任務、重(zhong)大(da)科技創新項(xiang)(xiang)目等(deng)(deng)特殊(shu)事項(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)，《辦法》也明確將予(yu)以適(shi)度支持。

《辦法》在從宏觀層面完(wan)善國家(jia)、企(qi)(qi)業(ye)和(he)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)三(san)者(zhe)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)分(fen)配(pei)(pei)關系，加(jia)大出資(zi)(zi)人向中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)董事會授(shou)權的同時，也(ye)同步對責(ze)任落(luo)實(shi)和(he)制(zhi)度(du)配(pei)(pei)套進行了(le)規定。一是強調企(qi)(qi)業(ye)作為內部(bu)分(fen)配(pei)(pei)的責(ze)任主體，應(ying)當持續深(shen)化(hua)(hua)內部(bu)三(san)項(xiang)制(zhi)度(du)改革，構建企(qi)(qi)業(ye)內部(bu)管(guan)理人員(yuan)能(neng)上(shang)能(neng)下、員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)能(neng)進能(neng)出、收入能(neng)增(zeng)能(neng)減的市場(chang)化(hua)(hua)勞動用工(gong)(gong)和(he)收入分(fen)配(pei)(pei)管(guan)理機制(zhi)，切(qie)實(shi)承(cheng)擔起搞好(hao)、搞活企(qi)(qi)業(ye)內部(bu)分(fen)配(pei)(pei)的職(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)。二是加(jia)強監(jian)督檢(jian)查，明確界定企(qi)(qi)業(ye)違規責(ze)任，并將企(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)管(guan)理情況納入各項(xiang)監(jian)督檢(jian)查范圍，與審計、巡視等工(gong)(gong)作形成合力，確保實(shi)現權責(ze)對等，監(jian)管(guan)到(dao)位。

【責任編輯：李瑛】