文章來源(yuan)：考核分(fen)配局 發布時(shi)間：2020-01-16
近日(ri)，國務院國資(zi)委(wei)發布了(le)《中央企業工資(zi)總額管理辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)》（國資(zi)委(wei)令第(di)39號，以下簡稱《辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)》）。《辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)》出臺后，國務院國資(zi)委(wei)有(you)關負責同志(zhi)接受了(le)記者采(cai)訪。
問(wen)：請介(jie)紹《辦法》的起草背景。
答：中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企業工資(zi)總額(e)管理(li)是調節國(guo)家(jia)、企業、職(zhi)工三(san)者利益關系的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)方式，也是國(guo)資(zi)委依法履行(xing)出資(zi)人(ren)職(zhi)責(ze)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)手段，一直以來(lai)，在推(tui)動中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企業改革發展、確(que)保國(guo)有資(zi)產(chan)保值(zhi)增值(zhi)方面發揮了重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)作用，同(tong)時，工資(zi)總額(e)管理(li)又是關乎民生福祉的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)內(nei)容，涉及(ji)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企業廣(guang)大干部(bu)職(zhi)工的(de)切身利益，歷來(lai)受到各方面的(de)高度關注。
國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)成立以(yi)來，對(dui)完善工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)做(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)大(da)量積(ji)極有效(xiao)探(tan)索，總(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)(ti)上分(fen)為三(san)(san)個階(jie)段(duan)。第(di)(di)一(yi)階(jie)段(duan)為承接(jie)起步(bu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，從2003年(nian)(nian)至2007年(nian)(nian)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)在依(yi)法承接(jie)原(yuan)勞動(dong)(dong)保障部(bu)門對(dui)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)監管(guan)職(zhi)能的(de)(de)(de)基礎上，從出資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)角度(du)，持(chi)續對(dui)工(gong)(gong)效(xiao)掛鉤管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)辦法進行改(gai)革(ge)(ge)和(he)完善，初步(bu)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)出資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)對(dui)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)調(diao)控體(ti)(ti)系，在促進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益(yi)高(gao)速增長的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，保障了(le)(le)(le)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)較快提(ti)高(gao)。第(di)(di)二(er)階(jie)段(duan)是改(gai)革(ge)(ge)突(tu)破(po)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，重(zhong)點是探(tan)索和(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。2008年(nian)(nian)國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)在部(bu)分(fen)重(zhong)點行業(ye)(ye)(ye)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)了(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)試(shi)點，著手建(jian)(jian)(jian)立工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)(ti)系，2010年(nian)(nian)、2012年(nian)(nian)先(xian)后印發(fa)(fa)了(le)(le)(le)《中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)暫行辦法》和(he)《中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)暫行辦法實施細(xi)則》，2014年(nian)(nian)實現了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)全覆蓋。這個時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)突(tu)破(po)，在中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)起了(le)(le)(le)既(ji)符合現代企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，又與中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實際相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)(ti)系，也為全國(guo)國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)全面實行工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)提(ti)供了(le)(le)(le)可復(fu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、可推廣的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗和(he)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)藍本。2014年(nian)(nian)以(yi)后，在深(shen)(shen)化(hua)國(guo)企(qi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)背(bei)景下，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)進入第(di)(di)三(san)(san)階(jie)段(duan)，即(ji)持(chi)續深(shen)(shen)化(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，重(zhong)點以(yi)分(fen)類管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)為手段(duan)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)備案制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)周期(qi)(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)特別獎勵等一(yi)系列政策(ce)措(cuo)施，進一(yi)步(bu)增強了(le)(le)(le)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)收入分(fen)配調(diao)控的(de)(de)(de)針(zhen)對(dui)性(xing)和(he)有效(xiao)性(xing)，在經(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展新常態下，發(fa)(fa)揮了(le)(le)(le)助力中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)穩增長、激發(fa)(fa)和(he)調(diao)動(dong)(dong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)干(gan)部(bu)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)積(ji)極性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要作用。
黨(dang)的(de)十九大站在新的(de)歷史起點上，明確我(wo)國(guo)(guo)經濟已經由(you)高(gao)速增長階(jie)(jie)段轉向高(gao)質量發展階(jie)(jie)段，作(zuo)出(chu)了貫徹新發展理(li)念、實(shi)現高(gao)質量發展的(de)部(bu)署，提出(chu)了培育具(ju)有全球競(jing)爭(zheng)力(li)的(de)世界(jie)一流企(qi)(qi)業(ye)目標(biao)。按照黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)務院的(de)決(jue)策部(bu)署，以(yi)(yi)及《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央 國(guo)(guo)務院關于深化國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)(qi)業(ye)改(gai)革(ge)的(de)指(zhi)導意(yi)見》（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發〔2015〕22號(hao)，以(yi)(yi)下簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發22號(hao)文件）提出(chu)的(de)“建立健(jian)全與勞動(dong)力(li)市場基本適(shi)應、與企(qi)(qi)業(ye)經濟效(xiao)益和勞動(dong)生產率掛(gua)鉤(gou)的(de)工(gong)資(zi)決(jue)定和正(zheng)常(chang)增長機(ji)制”，即(ji)“一適(shi)應、兩(liang)掛(gua)鉤(gou)”的(de)總要(yao)求，人力(li)資(zi)源社會(hui)(hui)保障部(bu)、財政部(bu)、國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)共同(tong)(tong)(tong)研究起草(cao)《關于改(gai)革(ge)國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)決(jue)定機(ji)制的(de)意(yi)見》（以(yi)(yi)下簡稱《意(yi)見》），2018年5月，《意(yi)見》經由(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央全面深化改(gai)革(ge)委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)第一次會(hui)(hui)議(yi)審議(yi)通過，國(guo)(guo)務院正(zheng)式印發。國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)作(zuo)為共同(tong)(tong)(tong)牽(qian)頭單位，在積極(ji)參(can)與《意(yi)見》制定工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時，根據(ju)《意(yi)見》精神(shen)，結合中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)改(gai)革(ge)發展的(de)實(shi)際情(qing)況(kuang)，對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總額管理(li)制度體系進行(xing)全面修訂完善，同(tong)(tong)(tong)步制定了《辦法》。
作為(wei)《意(yi)(yi)見》在中央企(qi)(qi)業落(luo)地落(luo)實的配套文件制(zhi)度，在近兩年的起草(cao)制(zhi)定過程中，國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)(wei)廣泛征(zheng)求了(le)各有(you)關部門、地方國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)(wei)以(yi)及全部中央企(qi)(qi)業意(yi)(yi)見，期間數易其稿(gao)，最(zui)終由國(guo)務院(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)(wei)黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)會和主任辦公(gong)會審議(yi)通過，以(yi)國(guo)務院(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)(wei)令的形式(shi)正式(shi)公(gong)布。
問：制定《辦法》的主要(yao)目的和意(yi)義是什么。
答：《辦(ban)法》是(shi)國(guo)資委(wei)首(shou)次以委(wei)令形(xing)式公開發布的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業工資總額管理制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)文(wen)件(jian)，充分體現了國(guo)資委(wei)對這項(xiang)工作的(de)(de)高度(du)重視。制(zhi)(zhi)定《辦(ban)法》的(de)(de)根本目的(de)(de)，是(shi)貫徹落實(shi)習(xi)近平新時(shi)代中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特色社會主義思(si)想，增強(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業活力和競爭(zheng)力，促進中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業實(shi)現高質量(liang)發展。
中央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總額管理，既要(yao)與國(guo)有企業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資決定機制改革的總體(ti)方向(xiang)保持一致，又(you)要(yao)充分體(ti)現中央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)自身的經營(ying)發展(zhan)特點。此次出(chu)臺的《辦法》，緊(jin)扣《意(yi)見》的精神實質(zhi)，切實做到了將(jiang)出(chu)資人依法調控和企業(ye)(ye)(ye)自主分配有機結合。
一是(shi)明確提出按中央(yang)企業功能定(ding)位對工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額實行分類(lei)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。此(ci)次(ci)改革的(de)重要(yao)創新點(dian)之一就是(shi)分類(lei)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，將工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額預(yu)算備案制(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)實施范圍，擴大到全部(bu)主業處于充分競爭行業和領域的(de)商業類(lei)中央(yang)企業，由(you)(you)企業董事(shi)(shi)(shi)會依法依規自主決定(ding)年度工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額預(yu)算，國資(zi)委由(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)前核準轉(zhuan)變為事(shi)(shi)(shi)前引導、事(shi)(shi)(shi)中監(jian)測和事(shi)(shi)(shi)后監(jian)督(du)。
二是明(ming)確(que)提(ti)出了對中央(yang)企(qi)業工資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額實(shi)行分級管(guan)理(li)。國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委負(fu)責(ze)管(guan)制度、管(guan)總(zong)量、管(guan)監督，中央(yang)企(qi)業負(fu)責(ze)管(guan)內部(bu)自主分配、管(guan)預算分解落實(shi)、管(guan)具體操(cao)作執(zhi)行，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委與中央(yang)企(qi)業權責(ze)清晰、各司其職(zhi)。
三是進(jin)一步完善中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)與經濟(ji)效益(yi)掛(gua)(gua)鉤(gou)(gou)決定(ding)機制。《辦(ban)法(fa)》圍繞建立健(jian)全(quan)“一適應、兩掛(gua)(gua)鉤(gou)(gou)”工(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)機制的(de)(de)目標要(yao)求，進(jin)行了(le)(le)一系列重大(da)創新。如明確(que)了(le)(le)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)根據效益(yi)決定(ding)，并按照效率調(diao)(diao)整，進(jin)一步豐富了(le)(le)工(gong)資(zi)與效益(yi)掛(gua)(gua)鉤(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)內涵，全(quan)面樹立“工(gong)資(zi)是掙出來(lai)”的(de)(de)核心理(li)念。再比如《辦(ban)法(fa)》進(jin)一步簡化了(le)(le)出資(zi)人(ren)根據國家要(yao)求調(diao)(diao)控企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)水平(ping)的(de)(de)規定(ding)，突出了(le)(le)出資(zi)人(ren)以(yi)管資(zi)本為(wei)主加(jia)強監管、簡政(zheng)放(fang)權的(de)(de)管理(li)導向(xiang)，釋放(fang)了(le)(le)積極的(de)(de)改革信號。同時，《辦(ban)法(fa)》還(huan)明確(que)了(le)(le)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)同口(kou)徑增人(ren)不(bu)增工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)、減(jian)人(ren)不(bu)減(jian)工(gong)資(zi)總額(e)的(de)(de)有(you)關規定(ding)，鼓(gu)勵中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)提高用人(ren)效率。
四(si)是進一(yi)步強(qiang)調(diao)深(shen)化(hua)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內部(bu)分(fen)配制度改(gai)革(ge)。《辦法》在(zai)宏觀(guan)層(ceng)面完善(shan)國家、企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)和職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)三(san)(san)者(zhe)工(gong)(gong)資分(fen)配關系的(de)同時，強(qiang)調(diao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)作為內部(bu)分(fen)配的(de)責(ze)任(ren)主體，應(ying)當持(chi)續(xu)深(shen)化(hua)內部(bu)三(san)(san)項制度改(gai)革(ge)，構建形成企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內部(bu)管理人員(yuan)能上能下、員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)能進能出、收入能增(zeng)能減(jian)的(de)市場化(hua)勞動用工(gong)(gong)和收入分(fen)配管理機(ji)制，切實承(cheng)擔起搞(gao)好、搞(gao)活企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內部(bu)分(fen)配的(de)職(zhi)責(ze)。
五是進一(yi)步強調工(gong)資總額(e)管理(li)(li)的監(jian)督檢查，明(ming)(ming)確界定企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的違規(gui)責任。如明(ming)(ming)確對于實施備案制(zhi)管理(li)(li)的企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，出現(xian)嚴重違反國家和國資委(wei)關(guan)于收入(ru)分配有關(guan)規(gui)定的，將其工(gong)資總額(e)預算管理(li)(li)方式由備案制(zhi)調整為(wei)核(he)準制(zhi)，確保做到權責對等。同時，《辦法》明(ming)(ming)確將企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總額(e)管理(li)(li)情況納入(ru)各項(xiang)監(jian)督檢查范圍，與審(shen)計、巡視(shi)等工(gong)作形(xing)成合(he)力，切實保證監(jian)管到位。
總的(de)來(lai)說(shuo)，《辦(ban)法》較好地體現了中(zhong)發22號文件的(de)改(gai)革要求，體現了黨(dang)的(de)十九大提(ti)出(chu)的(de)堅(jian)持(chi)質量(liang)第一、效益優(you)先的(de)發展(zhan)理念，符合(he)此前國有(you)(you)企(qi)業改(gai)革座談會提(ti)出(chu)強化正向激勵的(de)有(you)(you)關(guan)精(jing)神，符合(he)中(zhong)央(yang)關(guan)于簡政放權、“放管(guan)服”的(de)改(gai)革要求，對(dui)促進(jin)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業實現高質量(liang)發展(zhan)、推動國有(you)(you)資(zi)本做(zuo)(zuo)強做(zuo)(zuo)優(you)做(zuo)(zuo)大，加快(kuai)培育具(ju)有(you)(you)全(quan)球競爭力的(de)世界(jie)一流企(qi)業具(ju)有(you)(you)重(zhong)要意義。
問：根據(ju)新的《辦法》，中央企業職工工資總額具體如何決(jue)定？
答(da)：《辦法(fa)》緊緊圍繞建立健全“一適(shi)應、兩掛鉤”工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)決(jue)定(ding)機(ji)制的要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，提(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)預算(suan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)按(an)照(zhao)效(xiao)益決(jue)定(ding)、效(xiao)率(lv)調(diao)整(zheng)、水(shui)平(ping)(ping)調(diao)控三個環節決(jue)定(ding)。一是工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)效(xiao)益增(zeng)(zeng)幅掛鉤聯動。《辦法(fa)》明(ming)確中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)預算(suan)與(yu)利(li)潤總額(e)等經濟(ji)效(xiao)益指標(biao)的業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績(ji)考核目(mu)標(biao)值(zhi)掛鉤，并且根(gen)據目(mu)標(biao)值(zhi)的先進(jin)程度(du)確定(ding)不(bu)同(tong)的預算(suan)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)，引導(dao)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)(guo)完(wan)成高(gao)(gao)(gao)質量發展(zhan)目(mu)標(biao)帶動職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)合(he)理(li)(li)(li)有(you)序增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。二是工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)增(zeng)(zeng)幅應當根(gen)據效(xiao)率(lv)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)進(jin)行適(shi)度(du)調(diao)整(zheng)。《辦法(fa)》提(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)還應當通過(guo)(guo)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成本投入產出(chu)(chu)(chu)效(xiao)率(lv)、勞動生產率(lv)等指標(biao)對標(biao)進(jin)行調(diao)整(zheng)，突(tu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)引導(dao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)率(lv)的管理(li)(li)(li)導(dao)向，進(jin)一步協(xie)調(diao)不(bu)同(tong)效(xiao)率(lv)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之(zhi)間的工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)分(fen)(fen)配關系，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)決(jue)定(ding)機(ji)制的科(ke)學(xue)性(xing)與(yu)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)。三是注(zhu)重(zhong)收入分(fen)(fen)配公平(ping)(ping)，國(guo)資(zi)委按(an)照(zhao)國(guo)家有(you)關部門發布的工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)指導(dao)線和對非競爭(zheng)類國(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)調(diao)控要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，對部分(fen)(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)偏(pian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)、過(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤(you)其是主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)屬于(yu)充分(fen)(fen)競爭(zheng)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和領域的企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)過(guo)(guo)快的情況進(jin)行適(shi)當約束，確保企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)的水(shui)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)幅度(du)更加公平(ping)(ping)合(he)理(li)(li)(li)、規范有(you)序。同(tong)時，對中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)承擔重(zhong)大(da)專項任(ren)務(wu)、重(zhong)大(da)科(ke)技創新項目(mu)等特(te)殊事(shi)項的，也明(ming)確要(yao)(yao)(yao)予以適(shi)度(du)支(zhi)持。
問：分類(lei)管理(li)是(shi)當(dang)前深化國有(you)企業(ye)改革的(de)(de)重要手段(duan)，《辦法(fa)》針(zhen)對不同功能定(ding)位的(de)(de)中央企業(ye)采(cai)取了哪些差異化的(de)(de)工資總額(e)監管措(cuo)施。
答：《辦法》提出(chu)按照功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額實行分(fen)類(lei)(lei)管(guan)理(li)(li)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)不(bu)同(tong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)采取差(cha)異化(hua)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)方式。對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)充分(fen)競爭行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領(ling)域的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額預算(suan)原(yuan)則(ze)上全(quan)部(bu)實行備案制管(guan)理(li)(li)，由企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)董事會在(zai)依法依規的(de)(de)前提下，自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)決定(ding)(ding)年度工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額預算(suan)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委由事前核(he)準轉變為事前引導(dao)、事中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)監(jian)測和(he)事后(hou)監(jian)督；對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)關系國(guo)家安(an)全(quan)、國(guo)民(min)經濟命(ming)脈的(de)(de)重要行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵領(ling)域、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要承(cheng)擔(dan)重大專項(xiang)任(ren)務的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)以提供(gong)公(gong)(gong)共產品和(he)服務為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)益類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額預算(suan)繼續實行核(he)準制管(guan)理(li)(li)。二是(shi)(shi)與國(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)資(zi)(zi)改革(ge)試點(dian)工(gong)(gong)作全(quan)面對(dui)(dui)接(jie)。對(dui)(dui)開(kai)展(zhan)國(guo)有(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)本投資(zi)(zi)、運營公(gong)(gong)司或者混合所有(you)(you)制改革(ge)等試點(dian)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提出(chu)可以探索實行更加靈活高效的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額管(guan)理(li)(li)方式。三是(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)不(bu)同(tong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實行差(cha)異化(hua)的(de)(de)決定(ding)(ding)機制。《辦法》規定(ding)(ding)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可以根據(ju)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額與經濟效益匹配的(de)(de)大原(yuan)則(ze)下，選(xuan)取差(cha)異化(hua)的(de)(de)經濟效益指標與工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)增長掛鉤(gou)，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)關系國(guo)家安(an)全(quan)、國(guo)民(min)經濟命(ming)脈的(de)(de)重要行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵領(ling)域、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要承(cheng)擔(dan)重大專項(xiang)任(ren)務的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)公(gong)(gong)益類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，可以探索結構化(hua)管(guan)理(li)(li)方式，允許企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)確定(ding)(ding)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)比例的(de)(de)保障性工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額，與企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所承(cheng)擔(dan)特殊任(ren)務和(he)公(gong)(gong)益性業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務完(wan)成情況掛鉤(gou)，促(cu)進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實現(xian)社會效益和(he)經濟效益有(you)(you)機統(tong)一(yi)，更好發(fa)揮各(ge)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)經濟社會發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)作用，更好地(di)契合了當前分(fen)類(lei)(lei)推進國(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改革(ge)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)體方向。
問：請介紹(shao)國資委下(xia)一(yi)步的工作安排。
答：《辦(ban)法(fa)》于2019年在中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)全面(mian)施(shi)行(xing)(xing)，此次對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資總額決(jue)定機(ji)制(zhi)和(he)管理制(zhi)度體系進行(xing)(xing)全面(mian)改革，事(shi)關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)改革發展，事(shi)關(guan)廣大企(qi)(qi)業(ye)職工(gong)切身利(li)益(yi)，事(shi)關(guan)收入分配和(he)諧有(you)序，涉及面(mian)廣、政策性(xing)強、影響力大。國資委將(jiang)在今(jin)后一個時期，采取積(ji)極措施(shi)，統(tong)籌推進工(gong)作，確保《辦(ban)法(fa)》全面(mian)貫徹(che)落(luo)實(shi)。
一是國資委將按照《辦法》，全面部署2019年中央企業工資總額預(yu)算管(guan)理相關工作。
二是加快相關配套文件的(de)正式出臺。包(bao)括《辦(ban)法》中工(gong)資決定機制(zhi)的(de)具體實施(shi)規程、備(bei)案(an)制(zhi)管理(li)實施(shi)方(fang)案(an)、周(zhou)期制(zhi)管理(li)實施(shi)方(fang)案(an)以及工(gong)資管理(li)特(te)殊事項清單等，將盡快研究出臺完(wan)整的(de)工(gong)資管理(li)政策(ce)體系(xi)，以利企業執行。
三是(shi)加大政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)宣貫和(he)培(pei)訓力度。國資委將(jiang)組織系列(lie)面向中央(yang)企業(ye)的政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)培(pei)訓，通過政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)宣講、專家解讀、專題培(pei)訓等多種形(xing)式，確保各中央(yang)企業(ye)準(zhun)確把握《辦(ban)法》精(jing)神(shen)實質，并推(tui)動中央(yang)企業(ye)制(zhi)定和(he)完善本企業(ye)的工資總額管理制(zhi)度體系。
四是協同推(tui)(tui)進(jin)工資(zi)分配(pei)相關配(pei)套改(gai)革。2019年(nian)，國資(zi)委將進(jin)一步深入推(tui)(tui)進(jin)中央企(qi)業(ye)內部三項制度(du)改(gai)革工作(zuo)，加快推(tui)(tui)進(jin)企(qi)業(ye)建立健全市場(chang)化勞動(dong)用工和收(shou)入分配(pei)管(guan)理機制，持續增(zeng)強企(qi)業(ye)活(huo)力與競爭力。同時，在加大出資(zi)人授權(quan)(quan)改(gai)革的同時，加強對中央企(qi)業(ye)工資(zi)分配(pei)合規性(xing)的監(jian)督檢查，強化事中監(jian)測(ce)和事后監(jian)督，確保權(quan)(quan)力放(fang)得下、接得住(zhu)。
【責任編輯：李瑛】