文章來源(yuan)：考核分配局 發布時間：2020-01-16
近(jin)日，國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)發布了(le)《中央企業工資(zi)總額(e)管理辦(ban)法》（國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)令(ling)第39號，以下(xia)簡稱《辦(ban)法》）。《辦(ban)法》出(chu)臺后(hou)，國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)有關負(fu)責同志接受(shou)了(le)記(ji)者采訪。
問：請介紹《辦法》的起草背景。
答：中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工資(zi)總額管理是調節國家、企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)、職(zhi)工三者利益(yi)關(guan)(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)重要方(fang)式，也(ye)是國資(zi)委(wei)依(yi)法(fa)履行出(chu)資(zi)人職(zhi)責的(de)(de)(de)重要手段(duan)，一直以(yi)來，在推動中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)改革(ge)發展、確保(bao)(bao)國有資(zi)產保(bao)(bao)值(zhi)增(zeng)值(zhi)方(fang)面發揮了重要作用(yong)，同時，工資(zi)總額管理又(you)是關(guan)(guan)乎民生福祉(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)重要內容，涉及中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)廣大干(gan)部(bu)職(zhi)工的(de)(de)(de)切身利益(yi)，歷來受到各方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)高度關(guan)(guan)注。
國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)成立(li)以來，對完(wan)善工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度做了大量積極有(you)效探索(suo)(suo)，總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)上分為(wei)(wei)三個(ge)階(jie)段。第(di)一(yi)階(jie)段為(wei)(wei)承接起步(bu)期(qi)，從2003年(nian)(nian)至2007年(nian)(nian)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)在依法(fa)承接原勞動保障部(bu)門對中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)監管(guan)職(zhi)能的(de)基礎(chu)上，從出(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人的(de)角度，持(chi)續對工(gong)(gong)(gong)效掛(gua)鉤管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)辦(ban)法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)改(gai)革(ge)和(he)完(wan)善，初(chu)步(bu)構建了出(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人對企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)調控體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，在促(cu)進(jin)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效益(yi)高速增長(chang)的(de)同(tong)時(shi)，保障了職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)較快提高。第(di)二(er)階(jie)段是改(gai)革(ge)突破期(qi)，重(zhong)點是探索(suo)(suo)和(he)建立(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。2008年(nian)(nian)國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)在部(bu)分重(zhong)點行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)啟(qi)動了工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)試(shi)點，著手建立(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，2010年(nian)(nian)、2012年(nian)(nian)先后印發(fa)了《中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)暫行(xing)(xing)(xing)辦(ban)法(fa)》和(he)《中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)暫行(xing)(xing)(xing)辦(ban)法(fa)實(shi)施細則》，2014年(nian)(nian)實(shi)現(xian)了中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)全覆蓋(gai)。這個(ge)時(shi)期(qi)的(de)改(gai)革(ge)突破，在中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)構建起了既符合現(xian)代企(qi)業(ye)(ye)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，又與中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)際相結合的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，也為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)國(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)全面(mian)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)提供(gong)了可復制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、可推(tui)廣的(de)經(jing)驗和(he)改(gai)革(ge)藍本。2014年(nian)(nian)以后，在深化國(guo)企(qi)改(gai)革(ge)的(de)大背景下，工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)進(jin)入第(di)三階(jie)段，即(ji)持(chi)續深化期(qi)，重(zhong)點以分類管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)為(wei)(wei)手段，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)了工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)備案制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)周期(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)特別(bie)獎勵等一(yi)系(xi)(xi)列政(zheng)策措施，進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)增強了職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)收入分配調控的(de)針對性(xing)和(he)有(you)效性(xing)，在經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展新(xin)常態下，發(fa)揮了助力中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)穩增長(chang)、激發(fa)和(he)調動企(qi)業(ye)(ye)干部(bu)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)積極性(xing)的(de)重(zhong)要作用。
黨的(de)(de)十(shi)九大站(zhan)在新(xin)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)起點上，明(ming)確(que)我國(guo)經(jing)濟(ji)已經(jing)由(you)高(gao)速(su)增長階(jie)(jie)段轉向高(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)階(jie)(jie)段，作出(chu)了(le)貫徹新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)、實(shi)現高(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)部(bu)署(shu)，提出(chu)了(le)培育具(ju)有全(quan)(quan)球競爭(zheng)力(li)的(de)(de)世(shi)界一(yi)流企(qi)業(ye)(ye)目標。按照黨中(zhong)央、國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院的(de)(de)決(jue)策部(bu)署(shu)，以(yi)及《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央 國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院關于深化國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)革的(de)(de)指導(dao)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》（中(zhong)發(fa)〔2015〕22號，以(yi)下簡稱中(zhong)發(fa)22號文(wen)件）提出(chu)的(de)(de)“建立健全(quan)(quan)與勞動力(li)市場基本適(shi)應、與企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效益和(he)勞動生(sheng)產率(lv)掛鉤的(de)(de)工(gong)資決(jue)定和(he)正(zheng)常增長機(ji)制”，即“一(yi)適(shi)應、兩掛鉤”的(de)(de)總要(yao)求，人力(li)資源社(she)會(hui)(hui)保障部(bu)、財政(zheng)部(bu)、國(guo)資委(wei)共同研究(jiu)起草(cao)《關于改(gai)革國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資決(jue)定機(ji)制的(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》（以(yi)下簡稱《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》），2018年5月，《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》經(jing)由(you)中(zhong)央全(quan)(quan)面深化改(gai)革委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)第(di)一(yi)次會(hui)(hui)議審議通過(guo)，國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院正(zheng)式印發(fa)。國(guo)資委(wei)作為共同牽(qian)頭單位，在積極參與《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》制定工(gong)作的(de)(de)同時，根(gen)據《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》精神，結合中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)革發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)實(shi)際情況，對中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總額(e)管理制度體系進行全(quan)(quan)面修(xiu)訂(ding)完善，同步(bu)制定了(le)《辦法》。
作為《意(yi)見(jian)》在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業落地(di)落實的(de)配套文(wen)件制度，在(zai)近兩(liang)年的(de)起草制定過程中(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)資委(wei)廣泛征求了各有關部門、地(di)方國(guo)資委(wei)以及全部中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業意(yi)見(jian)，期間(jian)數易其稿，最終(zhong)由(you)國(guo)務院國(guo)資委(wei)黨委(wei)會(hui)和主任辦公(gong)會(hui)審議(yi)通過，以國(guo)務院國(guo)資委(wei)令的(de)形(xing)式正式公(gong)布。
問：制定《辦(ban)法》的主(zhu)要目(mu)的和意義是什么(me)。
答：《辦法(fa)》是(shi)國(guo)資委首次以委令形式公開發(fa)(fa)布的(de)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工資總額管理制(zhi)度(du)文(wen)件，充分體(ti)現了國(guo)資委對這項工作的(de)高度(du)重視。制(zhi)定(ding)《辦法(fa)》的(de)根本目的(de)，是(shi)貫徹落實習近平新時代中國(guo)特(te)色社會主義思想，增強中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)活力(li)和競爭力(li)，促進中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)實現高質量發(fa)(fa)展。
中央(yang)企業工(gong)資總額管理，既(ji)要(yao)與國有企業工(gong)資決定機制改革的總體方(fang)向保持一致(zhi)，又(you)要(yao)充分(fen)體現中央(yang)企業自身的經營發展特點。此次出臺的《辦法》，緊扣《意見》的精神實質，切(qie)實做到了將出資人依(yi)法調(diao)控和企業自主分(fen)配(pei)有機結合。
一(yi)是明確提出(chu)按(an)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)功能定(ding)位對(dui)工(gong)資總額實行分類管(guan)理(li)。此次(ci)改革(ge)的(de)重(zhong)要創新(xin)點(dian)之一(yi)就是分類管(guan)理(li)，將工(gong)資總額預算備案(an)制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)的(de)實施(shi)范圍，擴大到(dao)全部主業(ye)處于充分競(jing)爭行業(ye)和(he)領(ling)域的(de)商業(ye)類中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)，由企(qi)業(ye)董事(shi)會(hui)依法(fa)依規(gui)自主決(jue)定(ding)年度工(gong)資總額預算，國資委(wei)由事(shi)前核準轉(zhuan)變為事(shi)前引導、事(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)監(jian)測和(he)事(shi)后(hou)監(jian)督。
二是明確提出了對中(zhong)央企業工資總額(e)實行分級管理。國資委(wei)負責管制度、管總量(liang)、管監督(du)，中(zhong)央企業負責管內部(bu)自主分配、管預算分解落實、管具(ju)體(ti)操(cao)作(zuo)執行，國資委(wei)與中(zhong)央企業權(quan)責清晰、各司其職。
三是進一(yi)(yi)步完善中央(yang)企業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)與經(jing)濟(ji)效益(yi)(yi)掛(gua)鉤決(jue)定(ding)機(ji)制。《辦(ban)法》圍繞建立健全“一(yi)(yi)適(shi)應、兩掛(gua)鉤”工(gong)資(zi)(zi)決(jue)定(ding)機(ji)制的(de)(de)目標(biao)要(yao)(yao)求，進行了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)系列重大創(chuang)新(xin)。如(ru)明確了(le)(le)中央(yang)企業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)根據效益(yi)(yi)決(jue)定(ding)，并按照(zhao)效率調整，進一(yi)(yi)步豐富了(le)(le)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)與效益(yi)(yi)掛(gua)鉤的(de)(de)內涵，全面樹立“工(gong)資(zi)(zi)是掙(zheng)出(chu)(chu)來”的(de)(de)核心理(li)念。再比如(ru)《辦(ban)法》進一(yi)(yi)步簡化了(le)(le)出(chu)(chu)資(zi)(zi)人根據國家(jia)要(yao)(yao)求調控(kong)企業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)水平(ping)的(de)(de)規定(ding)，突(tu)出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)出(chu)(chu)資(zi)(zi)人以管(guan)資(zi)(zi)本為主加強監(jian)管(guan)、簡政放(fang)權的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)導向，釋放(fang)了(le)(le)積(ji)極的(de)(de)改革信號。同時(shi)，《辦(ban)法》還明確了(le)(le)企業(ye)同口徑增(zeng)人不增(zeng)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)、減(jian)人不減(jian)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)的(de)(de)有關(guan)規定(ding)，鼓勵中央(yang)企業(ye)提高用人效率。
四是進一步強調(diao)(diao)深化企業(ye)內部分(fen)配(pei)制(zhi)度改革。《辦法》在宏觀層面完善(shan)國家、企業(ye)和(he)職工(gong)三者工(gong)資分(fen)配(pei)關系(xi)的(de)同(tong)時，強調(diao)(diao)企業(ye)作為內部分(fen)配(pei)的(de)責(ze)任主(zhu)體(ti)，應(ying)當持(chi)續(xu)深化內部三項(xiang)制(zhi)度改革，構建形(xing)成企業(ye)內部管理(li)人員能上能下、員工(gong)能進能出、收(shou)入能增能減的(de)市場化勞動用工(gong)和(he)收(shou)入分(fen)配(pei)管理(li)機制(zhi)，切(qie)實承擔起搞好、搞活企業(ye)內部分(fen)配(pei)的(de)職責(ze)。
五是進一步強(qiang)調工資(zi)總額(e)(e)管理的(de)監(jian)督(du)檢查，明確(que)(que)界(jie)定企業的(de)違(wei)規(gui)責(ze)任。如明確(que)(que)對于實(shi)施備案制管理的(de)企業，出現(xian)嚴(yan)重違(wei)反國家和國資(zi)委關于收(shou)入分配有(you)關規(gui)定的(de)，將(jiang)(jiang)其工資(zi)總額(e)(e)預(yu)算管理方式由備案制調整(zheng)為核準制，確(que)(que)保做到權責(ze)對等。同時，《辦(ban)法》明確(que)(que)將(jiang)(jiang)企業工資(zi)總額(e)(e)管理情(qing)況納入各項監(jian)督(du)檢查范圍，與審計、巡視等工作形成合力，切實(shi)保證監(jian)管到位。
總的(de)(de)(de)來說，《辦法》較好地體(ti)現了中(zhong)(zhong)發22號文件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)要求，體(ti)現了黨的(de)(de)(de)十九大(da)提(ti)出的(de)(de)(de)堅持質量第一、效益優(you)先的(de)(de)(de)發展理念，符合此(ci)前國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業改(gai)(gai)革(ge)座談會提(ti)出強(qiang)化(hua)正向激勵的(de)(de)(de)有關精神，符合中(zhong)(zhong)央關于簡政放(fang)權、“放(fang)管服”的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)要求，對(dui)促進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業實(shi)現高質量發展、推動國(guo)(guo)有資本做(zuo)強(qiang)做(zuo)優(you)做(zuo)大(da)，加快培育具有全球競爭力的(de)(de)(de)世界一流企(qi)業具有重要意義。
問(wen)：根據(ju)新(xin)的《辦法》，中央企業職工工資(zi)總額具體(ti)如何決(jue)定？
答：《辦(ban)法》緊緊圍繞(rao)建立健(jian)全“一(yi)(yi)適(shi)應、兩掛鉤(gou)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)決(jue)定(ding)機制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，提出中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)按照效(xiao)益(yi)決(jue)定(ding)、效(xiao)率調整、水(shui)平(ping)調控三個環(huan)節決(jue)定(ding)。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)增(zeng)(zeng)長主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)幅掛鉤(gou)聯動。《辦(ban)法》明確(que)(que)(que)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)與(yu)利潤總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)等(deng)經濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)指標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)績考核(he)目(mu)標(biao)值掛鉤(gou)，并(bing)且(qie)根據目(mu)標(biao)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)程(cheng)度確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)算(suan)水(shui)平(ping)，引(yin)導中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)通過(guo)完成高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展目(mu)標(biao)帶動職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)合理有序增(zeng)(zeng)長。二是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)增(zeng)(zeng)幅應當根據效(xiao)率水(shui)平(ping)進(jin)行適(shi)度調整。《辦(ban)法》提出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長還應當通過(guo)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本(ben)投入產出效(xiao)率、勞動生產率等(deng)指標(biao)對標(biao)進(jin)行調整，突出引(yin)導企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提高(gao)效(xiao)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理導向，進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步協調不(bu)(bu)同效(xiao)率企(qi)業(ye)(ye)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)配(pei)關(guan)系，提高(gao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)決(jue)定(ding)機制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科學性與(yu)有效(xiao)性。三是(shi)注重收(shou)入分(fen)配(pei)公(gong)平(ping)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委按照國(guo)家有關(guan)部門發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)指導線(xian)和對非競爭類國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)調控要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，對部分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)平(ping)偏高(gao)、過(guo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，尤其是(shi)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)屬于充(chong)分(fen)競爭行業(ye)(ye)和領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長過(guo)快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況進(jin)行適(shi)當約束，確(que)(que)(que)保企(qi)業(ye)(ye)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)長幅度更加公(gong)平(ping)合理、規(gui)范有序。同時，對中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)承擔重大專項任務、重大科技創(chuang)新項目(mu)等(deng)特殊事項的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，也明確(que)(que)(que)要(yao)(yao)予以(yi)適(shi)度支持。
問：分類管(guan)理是當前深化國(guo)有企業(ye)改革的重要手段，《辦法》針(zhen)對不同功能(neng)定位的中(zhong)央企業(ye)采(cai)取了哪些差異化的工資總額監(jian)管(guan)措施。
答：《辦(ban)法(fa)》提(ti)(ti)出按照功能(neng)定位(wei)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)管(guan)理(li)(li)。一是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)不(bu)同功能(neng)定位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)采取差(cha)異化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)方(fang)式。對(dui)主業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于充分(fen)競爭行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)領域的(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算原則上(shang)全部(bu)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)備案制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)(li)，由企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)董事(shi)(shi)會在(zai)依法(fa)依規(gui)的(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)(ti)下，自主決定年度(du)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委由事(shi)(shi)前(qian)核(he)準(zhun)轉變為事(shi)(shi)前(qian)引(yin)導、事(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)監測和(he)(he)事(shi)(shi)后(hou)監督；對(dui)主業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于關(guan)系國(guo)(guo)家安(an)全、國(guo)(guo)民經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)命(ming)脈的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關(guan)鍵領域、主要(yao)(yao)承擔重(zhong)大專(zhuan)(zhuan)項任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)以提(ti)(ti)供公(gong)共產品和(he)(he)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)為主的(de)(de)公(gong)益(yi)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算繼續實(shi)(shi)行(xing)核(he)準(zhun)制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)(li)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)與國(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)改革試點工(gong)(gong)(gong)作全面對(dui)接。對(dui)開展國(guo)(guo)有資(zi)(zi)(zi)本投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)、運營公(gong)司或者混(hun)合(he)所(suo)有制(zhi)改革等試點的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，提(ti)(ti)出可以探(tan)索實(shi)(shi)行(xing)更加(jia)靈活(huo)高效(xiao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管(guan)理(li)(li)方(fang)式。三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)不(bu)同功能(neng)定位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)差(cha)異化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)決定機制(zhi)。《辦(ban)法(fa)》規(gui)定，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)可以根(gen)據(ju)功能(neng)定位(wei)，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)與經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)匹(pi)配的(de)(de)大原則下，選取差(cha)異化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)指(zhi)標與工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)長掛(gua)鉤，尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)于主業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于關(guan)系國(guo)(guo)家安(an)全、國(guo)(guo)民經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)命(ming)脈的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關(guan)鍵領域、主要(yao)(yao)承擔重(zhong)大專(zhuan)(zhuan)項任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)公(gong)益(yi)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，可以探(tan)索結(jie)構化(hua)(hua)管(guan)理(li)(li)方(fang)式，允許(xu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)中(zhong)(zhong)自主確定一定比例(li)的(de)(de)保障性(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)，與企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)承擔特殊任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)公(gong)益(yi)性(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)完(wan)成情(qing)況掛(gua)鉤，促進中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)現社會效(xiao)益(yi)和(he)(he)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)有機統(tong)一，更好發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)各類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)社會發(fa)(fa)展中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)功能(neng)作用，更好地契(qi)合(he)了當前(qian)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)推(tui)進國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改革發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)體方(fang)向(xiang)。
問：請介紹國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)下一步的(de)工作(zuo)安排。
答：《辦法》于2019年在中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)全面施行(xing)，此次對(dui)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工資(zi)總額(e)決(jue)定機制(zhi)和管理制(zhi)度體系進行(xing)全面改革，事(shi)關(guan)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改革發(fa)展，事(shi)關(guan)廣大(da)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)職工切(qie)身利益，事(shi)關(guan)收入分配和諧有序，涉及面廣、政策性強、影響力大(da)。國資(zi)委將在今后一個時(shi)期，采取積極(ji)措施，統籌推進工作，確保《辦法》全面貫徹落實。
一是國資(zi)委(wei)將按(an)照《辦(ban)法(fa)》，全面部(bu)署2019年中(zhong)央企業工資(zi)總額(e)預算(suan)管理相關工作。
二是加快(kuai)相關配(pei)套(tao)文件的正式出(chu)臺(tai)。包括《辦(ban)法》中工資(zi)(zi)決定機制的具體實施規程、備案(an)制管(guan)(guan)理實施方(fang)案(an)、周期制管(guan)(guan)理實施方(fang)案(an)以及工資(zi)(zi)管(guan)(guan)理特殊事項清單等，將盡快(kuai)研究出(chu)臺(tai)完整的工資(zi)(zi)管(guan)(guan)理政策體系(xi)，以利企(qi)業執行。
三是加大政策宣(xuan)貫和培訓力度。國資委(wei)將組(zu)織系列面向中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)政策培訓，通過政策宣(xuan)講、專家解讀、專題(ti)培訓等多(duo)種形式(shi)，確保各中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)準確把握《辦法》精(jing)神(shen)實質，并推動(dong)中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)制(zhi)定(ding)和完(wan)善本企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)工資總額(e)管理制(zhi)度體系。
四是協同推進工(gong)資(zi)(zi)分配(pei)相關配(pei)套改(gai)革(ge)。2019年，國資(zi)(zi)委將進一步(bu)深(shen)入推進中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內部三項制度改(gai)革(ge)工(gong)作，加快(kuai)推進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)立健全市場化勞(lao)動用工(gong)和收入分配(pei)管理機制，持(chi)續增強企(qi)業(ye)(ye)活(huo)力(li)與競爭力(li)。同時(shi)，在(zai)加大出資(zi)(zi)人授權(quan)改(gai)革(ge)的同時(shi)，加強對中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)分配(pei)合(he)規性的監(jian)(jian)督檢查，強化事中監(jian)(jian)測和事后監(jian)(jian)督，確保權(quan)力(li)放得下、接(jie)得住。
【責任編輯：李瑛】