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中交集(ji)團(tuan)自動化碼(ma)頭(tou)建(jian)造(zao)(zao)技(ji)術達世界先進水平。20世紀80年代末，在提高集(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)碼(ma)頭(tou)周轉效率、降低人工成(cheng)(cheng)本、改善(shan)作業環境的需求(qiu)下，英國(guo)(guo)、荷蘭、日(ri)本等發達國(guo)(guo)家提出了(le)研制、建(jian)造(zao)(zao)和(he)實施自動化集(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)碼(ma)頭(tou)的構想。但由(you)于技(ji)術所限，早(zao)期國(guo)(guo)外(wai)的自動化集(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)碼(ma)頭(tou)存在投資成(cheng)(cheng)本高昂、可靠性不足等問題。隨著“中國(guo)(guo)制造(zao)(zao)2025”戰略的醞釀和(he)出臺，發展高端(duan)、智(zhi)能、先進的裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備制造(zao)(zao)業成(cheng)(cheng)為大勢(shi)所趨(qu)，國(guo)(guo)內碼(ma)頭(tou)有著向全自動化碼(ma)頭(tou)轉型(xing)升級的需要。

中交集團所屬上海振(zhen)華重(zhong)工(gong)（集團）股份有限公司，于2005年開始自(zi)(zi)(zi)主研(yan)發自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)統(tong)，取得多項創新成(cheng)果。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)主研(yan)制(zhi)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)設備(bei)控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)，可有機(ji)協調(diao)各類(lei)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)智能化(hua)(hua)設備(bei)，高效完成(cheng)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)操作(zuo)和(he)裝(zhuang)卸，實(shi)現整(zheng)個碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的智能化(hua)(hua)運作(zuo)。二是(shi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)主研(yan)發鋰電(dian)池驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)引(yin)運輸車，具備(bei)無人(ren)駕駛、自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)航、路徑優化(hua)(hua)、主動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)避(bi)障(zhang)(zhang)、自(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)故障(zhang)(zhang)診斷、自(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)電(dian)量(liang)監控等功能。三是(shi)在國內首創自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)換電(dian)站技術，保障(zhang)(zhang)地(di)面運輸連續作(zuo)業，自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)引(yin)運輸車更換電(dian)池全(quan)程(cheng)只需6分鐘(zhong)，電(dian)池充滿電(dian)僅需2小時。四(si)是(shi)在全(quan)球首創自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)雙(shuang)箱(xiang)軌道(dao)吊，一(yi)(yi)次可同(tong)時起吊兩個集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)，配(pei)合自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)雙(shuang)箱(xiang)岸(an)橋(qiao)作(zuo)業，能夠釋放(fang)岸(an)線(xian)空間，提高碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)使用率，理(li)論(lun)上可提升(sheng)工(gong)作(zuo)效率50%。五是(shi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)主研(yan)發岸(an)橋(qiao)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)拆扭(niu)鎖(suo)裝(zhuang)置，完成(cheng)港口(kou)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)人(ren)工(gong)拆裝(zhuang)向機(ji)器人(ren)拆裝(zhuang)升(sheng)級，進一(yi)(yi)步提升(sheng)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度。

項(xiang)(xiang)目授權國際發明專利2項(xiang)(xiang)、國內(nei)發明專利24項(xiang)(xiang)，軟件(jian)著作權10項(xiang)(xiang)。項(xiang)(xiang)目研(yan)發成果對于助推(tui)大(da)型集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)碼頭(tou)(tou)智能化(hua)(hua)、自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)、零排放和高(gao)效(xiao)率運行具(ju)有重要幫助。以已投產的青島(dao)港全(quan)自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)碼頭(tou)(tou)為例(li)，裝(zhuang)卸效(xiao)率達到(dao)39.6MOV/h，創(chuang)造了全(quan)球自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)碼頭(tou)(tou)單機平均作業效(xiao)率的最高(gao)紀錄。此外，國內(nei)首(shou)個全(quan)自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)碼頭(tou)(tou)——廈門遠海碼頭(tou)(tou)投產后，比傳統碼頭(tou)(tou)節省能源25%以上，碳排量減少16%以上。

項目研發的自動化集裝箱碼頭系統在低成(cheng)本(ben)、高可靠(kao)性以及節能環保方面都處于全(quan)球領先地位，對于助(zhu)推(tui)我國港口集裝箱碼頭智(zhi)能綠(lv)色轉型，推(tui)進我國智(zhi)慧城市建設具(ju)有重(zhong)要(yao)意義。（中交集團供稿）

附(fu)圖 青(qing)島港全自動化(hua)碼頭

誠通(tong)集團掌握(wo)自主微量涂布膠版紙技術。我(wo)國(guo)是(shi)一個農業大國(guo)，木(mu)(mu)材(cai)資源短缺，非木(mu)(mu)纖維(wei)資源豐富。在木(mu)(mu)漿和廢紙進口持續快(kuai)速增長的情(qing)況下，非木(mu)(mu)纖維(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)料的科學利(li)用(yong)技術直接影響到我(wo)國(guo)紙業原(yuan)(yuan)料產業的安全問題。當前，非木(mu)(mu)纖維(wei)制漿造紙普遍(bian)存在污染負荷高、能(neng)耗高、資源有(you)效利(li)用(yong)率低等問題，亟需攻克清(qing)潔(jie)制漿、節能(neng)減排等相關技術。

誠通集(ji)團所屬中國紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業岳陽林紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)股份有限公司(si)通過多年(nian)自主創新(xin)，攻克了蘆葦非(fei)木纖維、高(gao)得率漿(jiang)配抄(chao)微(wei)量涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)布膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術(shu)，解決(jue)了非(fei)木材(cai)纖維清潔制(zhi)漿(jiang)除(chu)(chu)雜效(xiao)率低(di)(di)、塵埃(ai)多、能耗高(gao)、資源有效(xiao)利用率低(di)(di)等重大技術(shu)難(nan)題。取得的創新(xin)成(cheng)果如下：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)制(zhi)葦片除(chu)(chu)雜機、連續蒸煮(zhu)防反噴裝置、紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)漿(jiang)提(ti)濃機等3種化學葦漿(jiang)制(zhi)漿(jiang)專利設備(bei)，有效(xiao)提(ti)升了產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)了生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)。二是(shi)(shi)適(shi)應高(gao)速發(fa)展印刷技術(shu)對紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)的要求，研(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)微(wei)量涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)布膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，推動了我(wo)國造紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)業產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)結(jie)構調整(zheng)，滿足了市場需求。三(san)是(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究漿(jiang)料配比及打漿(jiang)性(xing)能，配用高(gao)比例APMP漿(jiang)，既符(fu)合(he)國家發(fa)展循環經濟、綜合(he)利用資源產(chan)(chan)(chan)業政策，又大幅降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)。四(si)是(shi)(shi)開(kai)發(fa)出(chu)高(gao)得率漿(jiang)有機微(wei)粒助留體系，有效(xiao)提(ti)高(gao)了高(gao)得率漿(jiang)細小(xiao)纖維的留著，改(gai)善(shan)了紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)性(xing)能，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)了白水負荷(he)。五是(shi)(shi)開(kai)發(fa)出(chu)微(wei)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料專用配方，取代價格昂貴瓷(ci)土顏料，紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)表(biao)面平(ping)滑(hua)性(xing)、強度(du)、灰(hui)分(fen)(fen)等明顯改(gai)善(shan)，解決(jue)了膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白度(du)低(di)(di)、灰(hui)分(fen)(fen)低(di)(di)及印刷表(biao)面平(ping)滑(hua)性(xing)差等問題。六是(shi)(shi)掌握(wo)微(wei)量涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)布工(gong)藝，使(shi)(shi)微(wei)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)可采用計量棒式涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)布或輥式涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)布，適(shi)合(he)于高(gao)/低(di)(di)配置的紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)；優化微(wei)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)后壓光工(gong)藝，使(shi)(shi)微(wei)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保持較高(gao)松厚度(du)。

項目(mu)獲中國(guo)(guo)輕工業聯合(he)會科技(ji)進步二等獎及(ji)中國(guo)(guo)產學研創新(xin)成(cheng)果優秀獎。依(yi)托項目(mu)研發成(cheng)果形成(cheng)的(de)3種專利(li)設備成(cheng)功(gong)應用(yong)于新(xin)建150噸/日葦(wei)(wei)漿(jiang)連續蒸煮制漿(jiang)生產線，提質降耗增效顯著，蘆(lu)葦(wei)(wei)除(chu)雜率(lv)提高(gao)(gao)1倍，葦(wei)(wei)片合(he)格率(lv)由(you)(you)45%提升至70%，黑液(ye)波美濃(nong)度從7Be提高(gao)(gao)至10Be，黑液(ye)溫(wen)度由(you)(you)70℃提高(gao)(gao)至90℃，漂白(bai)藥品消耗降低11.2%，紙產品塵(chen)埃度降低80%以上，累計節(jie)(jie)約標煤7800噸/年。項目(mu)對于推(tui)動非木纖(xian)維資(zi)源與高(gao)(gao)得率(lv)化機(ji)漿(jiang)在我國(guo)(guo)造紙行業的(de)應用(yong)，促進清(qing)潔生產和節(jie)(jie)能減(jian)排(pai)具有重大示范作用(yong)。（誠(cheng)通(tong)集團供稿）

東航(hang)(hang)集團建(jian)成自主(zhu)航(hang)(hang)班(ban)放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)管理體(ti)系。近年來(lai)，民航(hang)(hang)需(xu)求快速增長，給航(hang)(hang)空(kong)公司(si)帶來(lai)前所未有運行(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力。航(hang)(hang)班(ban)起飛前必須(xu)經過機(ji)組、飛機(ji)、天氣、運行(xing)(xing)條件等各(ge)項標準的(de)(de)嚴格檢(jian)查，僅(jin)靠人員經驗和(he)記憶不僅(jin)增加(jia)(jia)工作量(liang)，而(er)且影(ying)響(xiang)簽(qian)派(pai)放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)質量(liang)，加(jia)(jia)大了航(hang)(hang)班(ban)放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)安(an)全事故的(de)(de)發生(sheng)幾(ji)率。因此，研制(zhi)簽(qian)派(pai)運行(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系統，以(yi)更加(jia)(jia)科技化(hua)、信息化(hua)、數據化(hua)的(de)(de)方式實現航(hang)(hang)班(ban)放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)、監(jian)控(kong)(kong)自動(dong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)，對于保障航(hang)(hang)空(kong)運輸安(an)全、提(ti)高工作效(xiao)率具(ju)有重要意義。

東航(hang)(hang)(hang)集團自(zi)(zi)2012年起實(shi)施航(hang)(hang)(hang)班放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)(jian)控管理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)建設，開發(fa)出一(yi)(yi)套能夠滿(man)足東航(hang)(hang)(hang)股份及各分子公司所(suo)有航(hang)(hang)(hang)班放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)(jian)控業務的(de)自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)(hua)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。取得的(de)創(chuang)新(xin)成(cheng)果如下：一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)式(shi)區(qu)域化(hua)(hua)。航(hang)(hang)(hang)班任務可根據(ju)預(yu)設區(qu)域邏輯進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)自(zi)(zi)動分配，簽派放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)由原來的(de)“航(hang)(hang)(hang)線(xian)復雜化(hua)(hua)、類別分散化(hua)(hua)”變為“航(hang)(hang)(hang)線(xian)單一(yi)(yi)化(hua)(hua)、類別集中化(hua)(hua)”，實(shi)現(xian)了放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)式(shi)從(cong)“分散模(mo)式(shi)”向(xiang)“區(qu)域模(mo)式(shi)”轉變，提高放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)效(xiao)率約(yue)7%，在國內屬于首創(chuang)。二是(shi)(shi)放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)資料電子化(hua)(hua)。放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)資料業務流程(cheng)由傳統(tong)的(de)人(ren)工配送向(xiang)電子放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)全(quan)面轉變，從(cong)簽派員生成(cheng)放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)資料到(dao)飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)員簽收僅僅需要3分鐘，大(da)大(da)縮短了配送時間，降低了因資料配送錯漏或(huo)延遲導致航(hang)(hang)(hang)班延誤的(de)可能性。三是(shi)(shi)放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)校驗自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)(hua)。利用大(da)數據(ju)技術(shu)對機組、飛(fei)機、環境、規章、批復等39項(xiang)因素(su)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)逐項(xiang)、組合和交叉檢查，自(zi)(zi)動識(shi)別不符合運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標準(zhun)航(hang)(hang)(hang)班，協助簽派人(ren)員提高放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)資料準(zhun)確性。整個(ge)過程(cheng)僅需幾秒鐘，既確保放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)安(an)全(quan)，又提高放(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)效(xiao)率。四是(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)控圖(tu)形化(hua)(hua)。在民航(hang)(hang)(hang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)首次(ci)實(shi)現(xian)氣象報文解析，可根據(ju)機場、跑道運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標準(zhun)拆分出紅、橙、藍等不同級(ji)別告(gao)警(jing)信(xin)息，起到(dao)多圖(tu)合一(yi)(yi)的(de)圖(tu)形化(hua)(hua)監(jian)(jian)控效(xiao)果，在圖(tu)形疊加和動態(tai)展示等技術(shu)運用方(fang)面處于業內領先水平。

項目研究成果可有效滿足(zu)中國民(min)航(hang)(hang)對航(hang)(hang)空公(gong)司安(an)(an)全生產的(de)要求，將為旅客提供一(yi)個更為安(an)(an)全、高效的(de)出行環境。下一(yi)步，東航(hang)(hang)集(ji)團(tuan)將繼續沿著自主創新的(de)道路，加強與(yu)相關(guan)單(dan)位合(he)(he)作，通過技術與(yu)業務(wu)完美融合(he)(he)，將東航(hang)(hang)簽派運(yun)行監控系統打造成為民(min)航(hang)(hang)相關(guan)業務(wu)標桿，引領民(min)航(hang)(hang)簽派業務(wu)模(mo)式升級轉(zhuan)變。（東航(hang)(hang)集(ji)團(tuan)供稿）

【責任編輯：張祺】