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隨著航天工程技術快速發展，航天器有效載荷不斷增加、需求功率不斷增大，迫切需要長壽命、高可靠、輕量化、小型化的新一代蓄電池。我國高軌衛星儲能電池技術落后，難以滿足型號發展需要，亟需開展相關領域技術攻關，解決核心技術受制于人問題。

中國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)科所(suo)屬(shu)第(di)18研究所(suo)經過多(duo)年研究，攻克(ke)了(le)鋰(li)離子(zi)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)應用于(yu)高軌(gui)衛星(xing)的系列技術難(nan)題(ti)，取得多(duo)項創(chuang)新成果：一(yi)是(shi)突破長(chang)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)設(she)計、一(yi)致性篩(shai)選(xuan)、壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)建模與評價技術，掌(zhang)握長(chang)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極制備成套工藝，大幅(fu)提(ti)升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)，研制的鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)全(quan)充、全(quan)放循環壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)超過3000次，完(wan)全(quan)滿(man)足(zu)高軌(gui)衛星(xing)15年的壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)需要(yao)。二是(shi)針對太空(kong)環境(jing)特殊要(yao)求(qiu)，發(fa)明(ming)新型絕(jue)緣(yuan)密封結(jie)(jie)構，解決薄壁殼體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)束焊接(jie)難(nan)題(ti)，滿(man)足(zu)機械振動、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)腐蝕、真空(kong)負壓(ya)、輻射老化和(he)(he)多(duo)相絕(jue)緣(yuan)等復雜條件下，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的穩定(ding)性和(he)(he)可靠性要(yao)求(qiu)。三是(shi)創(chuang)新設(she)計3并(bing)套筒式結(jie)(jie)構，解決蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)產(chan)品(pin)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱一(yi)體(ti)化技術難(nan)題(ti)，減小(xiao)了(le)產(chan)品(pin)安裝體(ti)積(ji)、功(gong)率回路路徑(jing)和(he)(he)輸(shu)出阻抗，降低了(le)整(zheng)機溫度(du)梯度(du)和(he)(he)系統短路風險。四是(shi)發(fa)明(ming)自主均衡矩(ju)陣補(bu)償(chang)(chang)技術，可根據單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與平均電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)比較關系，對單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行補(bu)償(chang)(chang)分流(liu)，解決了(le)因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導致的性能離散問題(ti)，提(ti)升了(le)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在軌(gui)工作(zuo)的自主管控水(shui)平。

項(xiang)目(mu)授(shou)權發明專利5項(xiang)，發表論文10篇(pian)，獲國(guo)(guo)防科(ke)技進步一等獎1項(xiang)，形成核心(xin)技術秘密2項(xiang)，創造直接經濟效益3.6億元以上。項(xiang)目(mu)成果先(xian)后在北斗導(dao)航衛星、“DFH-3B”衛星平臺等應用(yong)，解決了(le)長(chang)壽命高軌衛星用(yong)高性能儲能電池長(chang)期依(yi)賴進口的(de)問題(ti)，為我國(guo)(guo)實現關鍵航天產品“自(zi)主可控、穩定運行(xing)”作出(chu)了(le)重要貢獻。

 

【責任編輯：李瑛】