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隨著航天工程技術快速發展，航天器有效載荷不斷增加、需求功率不斷增大，迫切需要長壽命、高可靠、輕量化、小型化的新一代蓄電池。我國高軌衛星儲能電池技術落后，難以滿足型號發展需要，亟需開展相關領域技術攻關，解決核心技術受制于人問題。

中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)科(ke)所(suo)屬(shu)第(di)18研究所(suo)經過多(duo)(duo)年研究，攻克了(le)(le)鋰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)應用于高軌(gui)衛星的(de)系列技(ji)(ji)術難題(ti)，取得多(duo)(duo)項(xiang)創新(xin)成果(guo)：一是突破長壽(shou)命(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)設計、一致(zhi)性篩選、壽(shou)命(ming)建模與評價技(ji)(ji)術，掌握長壽(shou)命(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極制備成套(tao)工藝(yi)，大幅提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)使用壽(shou)命(ming)，研制的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)全(quan)(quan)充(chong)、全(quan)(quan)放(fang)循環壽(shou)命(ming)超(chao)過3000次，完全(quan)(quan)滿足(zu)高軌(gui)衛星15年的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)需要(yao)。二是針對太空環境特(te)殊要(yao)求(qiu)，發明新(xin)型絕(jue)緣密封結(jie)構(gou)，解(jie)決(jue)薄(bo)壁(bi)殼(ke)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)束焊(han)接難題(ti)，滿足(zu)機(ji)(ji)械振動、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液腐(fu)蝕、真空負壓、輻射(she)老(lao)化和多(duo)(duo)相(xiang)絕(jue)緣等(deng)復雜條件(jian)下(xia)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)穩定性和可靠性要(yao)求(qiu)。三是創新(xin)設計3并(bing)套(tao)筒式結(jie)構(gou)，解(jie)決(jue)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)產(chan)品(pin)機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱一體(ti)化技(ji)(ji)術難題(ti)，減小了(le)(le)產(chan)品(pin)安裝(zhuang)體(ti)積、功率回路路徑和輸(shu)出阻抗(kang)，降低了(le)(le)整機(ji)(ji)溫度梯度和系統短路風險。四是發明自(zi)主均衡矩陣補償(chang)技(ji)(ji)術，可根據單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與平均電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓比較關(guan)系，對單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行(xing)補償(chang)分流，解(jie)決(jue)了(le)(le)因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自(zi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)致(zhi)的(de)性能(neng)離(li)(li)散(san)問題(ti)，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)軌(gui)工作的(de)自(zi)主管(guan)控水平。

項目授權發明(ming)專(zhuan)利5項，發表論文10篇(pian)，獲國防科(ke)技進步一等獎1項，形成核(he)心技術秘(mi)密2項，創造直接經濟(ji)效益(yi)3.6億元(yuan)以上(shang)。項目成果(guo)先后(hou)在北(bei)斗導航(hang)(hang)衛星、“DFH-3B”衛星平臺(tai)等應用(yong)，解(jie)決了長(chang)壽命高軌(gui)衛星用(yong)高性能(neng)儲(chu)能(neng)電池長(chang)期依賴(lai)進口(kou)的問題，為我國實(shi)現關鍵航(hang)(hang)天產品“自主(zhu)可控、穩定運行”作(zuo)出了重要貢獻。

 

【責任編輯：李瑛】