文章來(lai)源:中國航天科技集團有(you)限(xian)公司(si) 發布(bu)時間(jian):2020-11-27
11月(yue)14日(ri)至16日(ri),在嫦娥四號(hao)任務(wu)“鵲橋”號(hao)中(zhong)繼(ji)星(xing)在軌工(gong)作18個月(yue)之(zhi)際,嫦娥四號(hao)任務(wu)工(gong)程團隊對(dui)中(zhong)繼(ji)星(xing)上(shang)所搭載的(de)中(zhong)-荷低頻(pin)射電探測儀(NCLE)載荷實施了載荷三根天線展(zhan)開工(gong)作,標志著(zhu)NCLE載荷正式進(jin)入科(ke)學探測階段,成為(wei)目(mu)前距離地球最遠、可長期工(gong)作的(de)空間射電天文臺。

天線展開前后對比照片
中(zhong)(zhong)-荷(he)(he)低頻射電(dian)(dian)探(tan)測(ce)(ce)儀(NCLE)是(shi)搭載(zai)在嫦(chang)娥四號任務“鵲(que)橋”號中(zhong)(zhong)繼(ji)星上的(de)(de)一臺國際合作載(zai)荷(he)(he),于2018年(nian)5月21日隨中(zhong)(zhong)繼(ji)星一同(tong)發射升空(kong)。本載(zai)荷(he)(he)使(shi)用三根(gen)獨(du)立正交的(de)(de)單(dan)極(ji)子(zi)射電(dian)(dian)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian),采(cai)取時變(bian)信(xin)(xin)息和頻譜(pu)信(xin)(xin)息兩種探(tan)測(ce)(ce)方式,對每根(gen)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)從宇宙(zhou)空(kong)間中(zhong)(zhong)所獲(huo)取的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)場強(qiang)度(du)(du)及其變(bian)化特征(zheng)進行(xing)研究,揭示空(kong)間環境(jing)電(dian)(dian)場強(qiang)度(du)(du)變(bian)化的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)誘因(如太陽和行(xing)星的(de)(de)無線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)輻射)。為此,中(zhong)(zhong)荷(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)家仔細設計了天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)展開(kai)方案,事前進行(xing)波頻調(diao)試、衛(wei)星姿(zi)態調(diao)整,使(shi)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)達(da)到(dao)正常工作溫度(du)(du),再從地(di)面發布指(zhi)令,實施天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)展開(kai)操(cao)作。在天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)展開(kai)過程中(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)荷(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)家同(tong)步開(kai)展了科(ke)(ke)學(xue)探(tan)測(ce)(ce)工作,獲(huo)得在不同(tong)天(tian)(tian)線(xian)(xian)長度(du)(du)下寶(bao)貴的(de)(de)探(tan)測(ce)(ce)數據。
展(zhan)開后的(de)(de)(de)三(san)根天(tian)線,將與載荷低(di)噪聲放大器、電(dian)子學箱組件構成NCLE整體(ti),具備(bei)在(zai)地(di)月(yue)L2點區域可直(zhi)接觀測來自地(di)球(qiu)、木星(xing)等行(xing)星(xing)的(de)(de)(de)射電(dian)爆發能力,并可以與嫦(chang)娥四號月(yue)面著陸(lu)器低(di)頻射電(dian)頻譜儀和地(di)球(qiu)上的(de)(de)(de)HF/VHF波段射電(dian)天(tian)文設備(bei)開展(zhan)協同觀測、積累(lei)和完善(shan)行(xing)星(xing)射電(dian)輻射的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)律,為在(zai)射電(dian)波段探測系外類(lei)地(di)行(xing)星(xing)或類(lei)木行(xing)星(xing)的(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)和演(yan)化,提供新的(de)(de)(de)原理和技術參考。
【責任編輯:趙藝涵】