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2021年政府工作(zuo)(zuo)報告提出，扎實做好碳達(da)(da)峰(feng)、碳中和(he)各項(xiang)工作(zuo)(zuo)；制定2030年前碳排放達(da)(da)峰(feng)行動方案；優化(hua)產(chan)業結構(gou)和(he)能源結構(gou)。

“‘碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)、碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)’目(mu)標的提(ti)(ti)出，彰(zhang)顯了(le)(le)我(wo)國(guo)堅定不移走綠色(se)發展(zhan)(zhan)道路(lu)的雄心和(he)決心，為我(wo)國(guo)應對氣候變化(hua)(hua)(hua)、推動綠色(se)低碳(tan)發展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)(ti)供了(le)(le)方向(xiang)指引(yin)和(he)根(gen)本(ben)遵循(xun)。”全(quan)國(guo)政協委員、南方電網公司總經理曹志(zhi)安說。全(quan)國(guo)兩會期間，他提(ti)(ti)交了(le)(le)關于加強(qiang)跨省(sheng)區(qu)能源資(zi)源優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)配置(zhi)，助力實(shi)現碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)目(mu)標的提(ti)(ti)案，建議統(tong)籌利用全(quan)國(guo)資(zi)源、加強(qiang)跨省(sheng)區(qu)資(zi)源優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)配置(zhi)，支撐可再生能源加速規模化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)高比例靈活消納(na)，助力實(shi)現“碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)、碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)”目(mu)標。

長期(qi)以來，我(wo)國(guo)能源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)需求(qiu)呈明顯的逆向分(fen)布特征(zheng)。東北(bei)(bei)、華北(bei)(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)(bei)等“三北(bei)(bei)”地(di)(di)區(qu)，以及西(xi)南(nan)(nan)地(di)(di)區(qu)能源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)豐富，而負荷中(zhong)心東南(nan)(nan)中(zhong)部(bu)地(di)(di)區(qu)大(da)氣污(wu)染防(fang)治(zhi)任務艱巨(ju)，自身清潔(jie)能源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)有限，難以滿足中(zhong)長期(qi)發(fa)展(zhan)需要。在(zai)此背景(jing)下(xia)，深化(hua)西(xi)電東送(song)(song)、擴大(da)北(bei)(bei)電南(nan)(nan)送(song)(song)，推動“三北(bei)(bei)”、西(xi)南(nan)(nan)資源(yuan)(yuan)富集區(qu)域可(ke)再(zai)生能源(yuan)(yuan)大(da)規模(mo)發(fa)展(zhan)和(he)(he)外送(song)(song)，是實(shi)現(xian)我(wo)國(guo)“碳達峰、碳中(zhong)和(he)(he)”愿景(jing)下(xia)能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)戰略(lve)目(mu)標的關鍵。

“從歷史和(he)(he)實(shi)踐看，實(shi)施(shi)西電(dian)東送(song)國家(jia)戰略，加(jia)大跨(kua)省區能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)優化配置(zhi)，有力促進了我(wo)國可再(zai)生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展和(he)(he)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)轉型。”曹志(zhi)安說。

據介紹(shao)，目前我國西電(dian)(dian)(dian)東(dong)(dong)送(song)(song)已經形成(cheng)北(bei)、中、南(nan)三(san)大通(tong)道的送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)格(ge)局，總規模達(da)2.6億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，年送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)超(chao)1.2萬(wan)億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)時。以西電(dian)(dian)(dian)東(dong)(dong)送(song)(song)南(nan)通(tong)道為(wei)例，“十三(san)五”期間，南(nan)方電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司陸續建(jian)成(cheng)金中、魯西背靠背、滇西北(bei)、烏東(dong)(dong)德直流等西電(dian)(dian)(dian)東(dong)(dong)送(song)(song)重大工程，充分(fen)發揮跨省(sheng)區(qu)(qu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)道送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)潛(qian)力，5年累計送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)達(da)到1.07萬(wan)億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)時，輸(shu)送(song)(song)清潔能源(yuan)占比(bi)超(chao)過80%，相當于(yu)(yu)節約(yue)東(dong)(dong)部地區(qu)(qu)標煤消耗2.71億(yi)(yi)噸、減少二氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)碳排放7.21億(yi)(yi)噸。至(zhi)2020年底，南(nan)方五省(sheng)區(qu)(qu)非化(hua)(hua)石能源(yuan)裝機和發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)占比(bi)分(fen)別(bie)達(da)到55.6%和53.2%，遠高于(yu)(yu)全國平均水(shui)平。

隨著“碳(tan)達峰(feng)、碳(tan)中和(he)(he)”目(mu)標(biao)的提出，可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源將迎來大規模加速發展(zhan)期(qi)。風電(dian)、光伏發電(dian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源具有(you)隨機(ji)性、間歇(xie)性、能(neng)(neng)量密度低等(deng)(deng)(deng)特點，給電(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)實(shi)時平(ping)衡(heng)帶來巨大挑戰，必須統(tong)籌(chou)施策，有(you)效化(hua)解調峰(feng)、輸送(song)和(he)(he)消(xiao)納等(deng)(deng)(deng)難題。曹志安建議，加強跨省區能(neng)(neng)源資(zi)源優化(hua)配(pei)置(zhi)，助(zhu)力實(shi)現可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源更(geng)大范圍(wei)的跨時空平(ping)衡(heng)、破(po)解消(xiao)納難題，服(fu)務我(wo)國“碳(tan)達峰(feng)、碳(tan)中和(he)(he)”目(mu)標(biao)實(shi)現。

具(ju)體而言(yan)，建(jian)議(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)定跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)(qu)能源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)優(you)化配置中(zhong)(zhong)長(chang)(chang)期規劃(hua)，堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)全國一盤棋，實現跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)(qu)生產力布(bu)局、能源(yuan)(yuan)供需(xu)、綠色發展(zhan)等(deng)方(fang)面的(de)(de)優(you)勢互(hu)補。同(tong)時，充分發揮政府協(xie)議(yi)引導與市(shi)場配置資源(yuan)(yuan)“兩只手”作(zuo)用(yong)，完善(shan)(shan)“中(zhong)(zhong)長(chang)(chang)期協(xie)議(yi)+市(shi)場”的(de)(de)跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)力交易模(mo)式，加(jia)快(kuai)跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)(qu)碳交易市(shi)場機制(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)設，不(bu)斷完善(shan)(shan)跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)(qu)清潔能源(yuan)(yuan)消納長(chang)(chang)效機制(zhi)(zhi)。此外，由于南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)區(qu)(qu)域能源(yuan)(yuan)整體自給率低，建(jian)議(yi)統籌規劃(hua)區(qu)(qu)外清潔電(dian)(dian)力送(song)入南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)區(qu)(qu)域，深(shen)化西(xi)電(dian)(dian)東(dong)(dong)送(song)，加(jia)大云貴新能源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發，鞏固(gu)能源(yuan)(yuan)基地作(zuo)用(yong)，加(jia)快(kuai)藏東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)清潔能源(yuan)(yuan)基地開(kai)(kai)發并(bing)送(song)電(dian)(dian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)，保障(zhang)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)區(qu)(qu)域西(xi)電(dian)(dian)東(dong)(dong)送(song)可持(chi)(chi)續發展(zhan)；拓展(zhan)北電(dian)(dian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)送(song)，積極(ji)研究(jiu)規劃(hua)北方(fang)清潔能源(yuan)(yuan)基地送(song)電(dian)(dian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)區(qu)(qu)域，與以水(shui)電(dian)(dian)為主的(de)(de)西(xi)電(dian)(dian)東(dong)(dong)送(song)形成互(hu)補，有效改善(shan)(shan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)區(qu)(qu)域跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)(qu)送(song)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)持(chi)(chi)續性、穩定性。

“南方(fang)電(dian)網公司(si)將充分發揮電(dian)網資(zi)源(yuan)優化配置平臺(tai)作(zuo)用，促(cu)進能源(yuan)生產消費方(fang)式(shi)綠(lv)色(se)轉型(xing)。”曹志(zhi)安(an)表示，南方(fang)電(dian)網公司(si)將制訂實施服務(wu)“碳達(da)峰、碳中和(he)”工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)案，持續(xu)開展(zhan)清(qing)(qing)潔能源(yuan)消納專項行(xing)動，全面融入、全力(li)服務(wu)廣(guang)東、廣(guang)西(xi)、云南、貴州(zhou)、海南及港(gang)澳地區(qu)“碳達(da)峰、碳中和(he)”目標實現(xian)，推動構建清(qing)(qing)潔低碳、安(an)全高效(xiao)的現(xian)代(dai)能源(yuan)體(ti)系。

【責任編輯：趙藝涵】