文(wen)章來源：中國華能集團公(gong)司 發(fa)布時間(jian)：2016-06-12
近日，華能清潔能源研究院(yuan)在三亞進(jin)行了熔(rong)鹽(yan)(yan)儲熱(re)(re)系(xi)統蒸汽發(fa)生(sheng)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)，完成了包括(kuo)熔(rong)鹽(yan)(yan)熔(rong)化、系(xi)統預熱(re)(re)、熔(rong)鹽(yan)(yan)換熱(re)(re)及熔(rong)鹽(yan)(yan)吹掃等在內的全流程測(ce)(ce)試(shi)，并進(jin)行了連(lian)續5天的熔(rong)鹽(yan)(yan)與(yu)水的換熱(re)(re)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)。經測(ce)(ce)試(shi)，該系(xi)統可產出穩定(ding)參(can)數(shu)的蒸汽，達到系(xi)統設計目標，標志著清能院(yuan)熔(rong)鹽(yan)(yan)儲熱(re)(re)技術達到國(guo)內領(ling)先水平。
儲(chu)熱(re)(re)系統是太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)熱(re)(re)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)組成(cheng)部(bu)分，通過(guo)存儲(chu)高(gao)溫介質，在需要(yao)時(shi)(shi)通過(guo)換熱(re)(re)器(qi)產生高(gao)溫高(gao)壓蒸汽(qi)進(jin)入汽(qi)輪(lun)機(ji)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，消除太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)資(zi)源自身(shen)的(de)不穩定性(xing)，實現對太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)的(de)可調度(du)利用(yong)(yong)。配置適合容量的(de)儲(chu)熱(re)(re)系統，可以提高(gao)機(ji)組的(de)利用(yong)(yong)小時(shi)(shi)數，進(jin)一步(bu)降低太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)熱(re)(re)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)度(du)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成(cheng)本。儲(chu)熱(re)(re)系統還可以用(yong)(yong)于風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)清潔供暖，將部(bu)分時(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)棄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)(yong)于全天供熱(re)(re)。
清(qing)能院三(san)亞熔(rong)(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)系統(tong)(tong)采(cai)用25噸三(san)元硝(xiao)酸(suan)鹽(yan)作為儲(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)介(jie)質，儲(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)容量達到1.5兆(zhao)瓦(wa)時。系統(tong)(tong)包括高(gao)溫、低溫兩個(ge)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)罐，以及由預熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)、蒸(zheng)發器(qi)及過熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)組成的(de)(de)蒸(zheng)汽發生系統(tong)(tong)。熔(rong)(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)介(jie)質凝固點高(gao)，對換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)及管道的(de)(de)設計、伴(ban)熱(re)(re)(re)保溫措施(shi)的(de)(de)可靠性有很高(gao)的(de)(de)要求。目前國內僅(jin)有一兩套兆(zhao)瓦(wa)級熔(rong)(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)裝(zhuang)置投入運行(xing)(xing)，該(gai)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)系統(tong)(tong)直(zhi)接用熔(rong)(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)與(yu)給(gei)水(shui)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)產生過熱(re)(re)(re)蒸(zheng)汽，在國內處于領先(xian)水(shui)平。清(qing)能院將利用該(gai)儲(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)系統(tong)(tong)進行(xing)(xing)持續測試，驗證系統(tong)(tong)長期(qi)運行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)可靠性，并基于該(gai)平臺開(kai)展熔(rong)(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)為介(jie)質的(de)(de)線性菲涅爾技術(shu)的(de)(de)研發。