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日前，由中國(guo)建材(cai)集團所屬中國(guo)建材(cai)總院自主研發的低(di)熱(re)(re)(re)硅酸(suan)鹽(yan)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)正式(shi)澆(jiao)筑烏東德(de)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)大(da)壩。這(zhe)是低(di)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)在應用(yong)史上(shang)的重大(da)里程(cheng)碑，標志著低(di)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)由部分壩段應用(yong)成功(gong)實現全(quan)壩應用(yong)，烏東德(de)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)也將成為國(guo)內外首個全(quan)壩使用(yong)低(di)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)的水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)。

烏東德水電站壩址屬于(yu)干熱河谷地區，混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)溫控技術要(yao)求嚴。大(da)壩為混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)雙曲拱壩，河床(chuang)建基面最低高(gao)程718米(mi)，壩頂高(gao)程988米(mi)，最大(da)壩高(gao)270米(mi)，大(da)壩底(di)厚(hou)51米(mi)，厚(hou)高(gao)比(bi)僅為0.19，是目前(qian)世界(jie)上最薄的(de)300米(mi)級(ji)拱壩，結構受力復(fu)雜，工程重要(yao)性等級(ji)高(gao)，混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)澆(jiao)筑質(zhi)量(liang)要(yao)求高(gao)；大(da)壩混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)高(gao)峰年澆(jiao)筑強度(du)可達95.1萬立(li)方米(mi)，最高(gao)月澆(jiao)筑強度(du)約10萬立(li)方米(mi)，混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)澆(jiao)筑強度(du)高(gao)。

為破解施工難題，保(bao)障澆筑質量(liang)，中國(guo)建材總(zong)院(yuan)(yuan)聯合中國(guo)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)三峽(xia)集團、中國(guo)水利(li)水電科學(xue)研(yan)(yan)究院(yuan)(yuan)、長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)水利(li)委員會長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)科學(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)等單(dan)位，歷時數十年(nian)進行了(le)低熱水泥及混凝(ning)土的系統研(yan)(yan)究。總(zong)結完善(shan)研(yan)(yan)究成果(guo)，歷經四年(nian)反復(fu)論證，最終專家委員會決定(ding)在烏東德水電站全壩(ba)使用低熱水泥。

低(di)(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)硅(gui)酸鹽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)是中國(guo)建材總院(yuan)依托(tuo)“九五”“十(shi)五”等(deng)(deng)科技攻關項目，開發(fa)的以硅(gui)酸二鈣為主導礦物的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)自主知識(shi)產權，并(bing)獲得國(guo)家技術發(fa)明二等(deng)(deng)獎。工(gong)程(cheng)實踐(jian)表明，低(di)(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)具(ju)(ju)有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)化熱(re)(re)(re)低(di)(di)(di)(di)、放熱(re)(re)(re)速(su)率(lv)(lv)慢、熱(re)(re)(re)強比低(di)(di)(di)(di)、后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)強度(du)增進(jin)率(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)(gao)等(deng)(deng)特點(dian)，可有(you)效發(fa)揮(hui)(hui)冷卻水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管通水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)降溫(wen)的作用(yong)，降低(di)(di)(di)(di)混(hun)凝土最(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)度(du)，從而提高(gao)(gao)(gao)大(da)壩混(hun)凝土的抗裂安(an)全系(xi)數。低(di)(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)配(pei)制的混(hun)凝土具(ju)(ju)有(you)絕熱(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)升低(di)(di)(di)(di)、用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量較(jiao)低(di)(di)(di)(di)、早(zao)期(qi)(qi)強度(du)低(di)(di)(di)(di)、后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)強度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)、早(zao)期(qi)(qi)徐變大(da)、干縮較(jiao)小、自生體(ti)積變形呈微膨脹性(xing)(xing)、硬化后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)更密(mi)實等(deng)(deng)特點(dian)。低(di)(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)在大(da)壩等(deng)(deng)大(da)體(ti)積混(hun)凝土工(gong)程(cheng)的應用(yong)將(jiang)在溫(wen)控抗裂性(xing)(xing)、體(ti)積穩定性(xing)(xing)和(he)耐(nai)久性(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)方面發(fa)揮(hui)(hui)顯著作用(yong)。

烏東(dong)德(de)(de)雙曲拱(gong)壩工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)混凝(ning)土總(zong)量840萬立方米，低(di)熱(re)水泥(ni)使用量近200萬噸(dun)。中國建(jian)(jian)材總(zong)院將(jiang)為烏東(dong)德(de)(de)水電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)用低(di)熱(re)水泥(ni)提(ti)供全方位的技(ji)術指導和品質監測服務，這必將(jiang)為烏東(dong)德(de)(de)水電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的順(shun)利建(jian)(jian)設及(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)品質提(ti)供有力的保障，也將(jiang)為低(di)熱(re)水泥(ni)在(zai)水電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)領(ling)域(yu)更大規模的推廣(guang)應用提(ti)供寶貴經驗。