文(wen)章來源：國家電網公司(si) 發布時間：2012-03-07
2月(yue)28日，國(guo)(guo)內首(shou)座柔(rou)性直(zhi)流(liu)換(huan)(huan)流(liu)站(zhan)——35千伏南風換(huan)(huan)流(liu)站(zhan)首(shou)次(ci)充電。該換(huan)(huan)流(liu)站(zhan)的啟動(dong)，意(yi)味著我國(guo)(guo)柔(rou)性直(zhi)流(liu)輸電技(ji)術的研究、開發和應(ying)用進入(ru)了一(yi)個(ge)新的時代，標志著我國(guo)(guo)清(qing)潔能源的接(jie)入(ru)技(ji)術達到了國(guo)(guo)際(ji)領(ling)先(xian)水平。
上海超高(gao)壓公司相關負責人介紹：“柔性直流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)技術(shu)能有效提高(gao)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)接納清(qing)潔能源的能力，使(shi)換流(liu)站更(geng)(geng)加綠色、低碳、環保。與傳(chuan)統(tong)換流(liu)站相比，柔性換流(liu)站變(bian)電(dian)損耗比傳(chuan)統(tong)站更(geng)(geng)低，輸(shu)電(dian)效率更(geng)(geng)高(gao)，而且造價較低，可(ke)以(yi)提升(sheng)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)基礎設施資源利用率和供電(dian)可(ke)靠性，達(da)到節能減排的目的。
據(ju)悉，上(shang)海南(nan)(nan)匯(hui)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場柔(rou)性直流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)程是國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司(si)智(zhi)能(neng)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)建設(she)的示(shi)范工(gong)程。該工(gong)程是國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司(si)2010年(nian)智(zhi)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)建設(she)體系的重大(da)科(ke)技示(shi)范項目和堅強(qiang)智(zhi)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)建設(she)的第二批試點(dian)項目。工(gong)程包括兩個直流(liu)(liu)(liu)換(huan)(huan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)站(zhan)(zhan)和8千(qian)米直流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路。本次啟(qi)動的為風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)側——35千(qian)伏南(nan)(nan)風(feng)換(huan)(huan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)站(zhan)(zhan)，其額定(ding)運行容量(liang)為1.8萬千(qian)瓦，直流(liu)(liu)(liu)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為±30千(qian)伏，直流(liu)(liu)(liu)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)為300安(an)。該換(huan)(huan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)站(zhan)(zhan)對于風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)穩定(ding)并入(ru)上(shang)海電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)提(ti)供了技術支撐。
本(ben)次35千伏南風換流站(zhan)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)(she)由上(shang)海(hai)超高壓公(gong)司負責(ze)。中(zhong)國電(dian)科院(yuan)等參與(yu)設(she)(she)備的(de)研制(zhi)和調試。上(shang)海(hai)市電(dian)力公(gong)司高度重(zhong)視此次柔性(xing)直(zhi)流示范(fan)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，專(zhuan)門整合多方資源，就(jiu)柔性(xing)直(zhi)流換流站(zhan)技術進(jin)行研究(jiu)，制(zhi)定了從建設(she)(she)到(dao)運行管理的(de)一整套(tao)方案(an)。本(ben)次柔性(xing)直(zhi)流示范(fan)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)智能電(dian)網(wang)系(xi)統理論(lun)研究(jiu)成果轉化為工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實踐的(de)應(ying)用典范(fan)。
□新聞鏈接
柔性(xing)直(zhi)流輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)是迄今為止工程應用中(zhong)最先進的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，也是智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)之一。在風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領域，風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力受(shou)制(zhi)于風(feng)(feng)力的(de)(de)大小，傳統(tong)的(de)(de)直(zhi)流站對換(huan)流后的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出功率基本不可(ke)調。柔性(xing)直(zhi)流輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)通過“絕緣(yuan)柵極雙(shuang)極型晶體(ti)管”，能(neng)(neng)實時、精確(que)地控制(zhi)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功率。這就(jiu)好比給(gei)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站裝上了(le)一個(ge)“蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池”，使人們能(neng)(neng)更自如(ru)地控制(zhi)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大小和輸(shu)(shu)送(song)狀態。
柔性(xing)直流(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)(dian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)還(huan)是解決大面(mian)積區(qu)域(yu)停(ting)電(dian)(dian)、實現遠距離孤立(li)(li)送電(dian)(dian)的有(you)效途徑(jing)。在相聯的交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)系統因(yin)(yin)故障全部(bu)停(ting)電(dian)(dian)后，網(wang)內柔性(xing)直流(liu)(liu)部(bu)分因(yin)(yin)不受交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)故障影響(xiang)，成(cheng)為(wei)孤立(li)(li)小電(dian)(dian)網(wang)仍維持運行，此(ci)時(shi)即可帶動(dong)無自啟動(dong)能力的發電(dian)(dian)機組，逐漸擴大恢復范圍，完成(cheng)整個系統“黑(hei)啟動(dong)”過程。在新能源(yuan)日益加快發展的背(bei)景下(xia)，柔性(xing)直流(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)(dian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)要應用價值。