文章來源:中(zhong)國儲備(bei)棉管理總(zong)公司(si) 發布(bu)時間(jian):2012-03-22
近日,國(guo)際(ji)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)波動幅(fu)度加(jia)(jia)大(da),國(guo)內下游紡織市場(chang)持續乏(fa)力(li),企業產(chan)成品庫存壓力(li)有增無減,降價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)促銷企業增多,棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)紗價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)跌(die)(die)幅(fu)加(jia)(jia)大(da)。大(da)型棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)企開始頻繁下調皮(pi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)采購(gou)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),國(guo)內現貨價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)回落,市場(chang)成交清(qing)淡(dan)。3月(yue)18日,32支純(chun)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)普(pu)梳紗報價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)38550元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)下跌(die)(die)500元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),跌(die)(die)幅(fu)1.3%;滌綸(lun)短纖報價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)14800元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)下跌(die)(die)100元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),跌(die)(die)幅(fu)0.7%。內地(di)籽棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)收(shou)購(gou)均價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)6.38元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/斤(jin)(jin)(折皮(pi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)收(shou)購(gou)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)28717元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)下跌(die)(die)0.05元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/斤(jin)(jin),跌(die)(die)幅(fu)0.8%。代(dai)表內地(di)標準級皮(pi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)銷售均價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)的國(guo)家棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)B指數30681元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)下跌(die)(die)517元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),跌(die)(die)幅(fu)1.7%;新(xin)疆標準級皮(pi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)銷售均價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)31091元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)下跌(die)(die)277元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),跌(die)(die)幅(fu)0.9%。鄭(zheng)州棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)期貨5月(yue)合約結算價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)30575元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)下跌(die)(die)925元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),跌(die)(die)幅(fu)2.9%;全國(guo)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)交易市場(chang)電子(zi)撮合交易5月(yue)合同均價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)30314元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)上周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)下跌(die)(die)1007元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)/噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun),跌(die)(die)幅(fu)3.2%。
從國家緊縮政(zheng)策(ce)和市場基本面(mian)分(fen)析(xi),短期(qi)國內棉(mian)價下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)行壓(ya)力(li)較(jiao)大(da),主要原因(yin):一是3月18日(ri)晚(wan)央行決定從3月25日(ri)起上調存(cun)款類(lei)金融機構(gou)人民幣(bi)存(cun)款準備金率0.5個百分(fen)點(dian),針(zhen)對日(ri)益(yi)嚴(yan)峻的(de)通脹(zhang)形勢,預計后(hou)期(qi)國家的(de)緊縮措施(shi)亦會隨之加大(da)力(li)度;二是盡管近(jin)(jin)期(qi)鄭棉(mian)期(qi)貨價格在大(da)幅下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)挫(cuo)后(hou)有所反(fan)彈,但60日(ri)線附(fu)近(jin)(jin)仍存(cun)在較(jiao)強阻力(li),短期(qi)回落概率較(jiao)大(da);三(san)是時值3月下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)旬,旺季不(bu)旺的(de)特點(dian)在紡(fang)織行業顯(xian)露無疑,如果后(hou)期(qi)紡(fang)織企(qi)業產成(cheng)品庫存(cun)壓(ya)力(li)仍得不(bu)到有效緩解,不(bu)排除企(qi)業進一步下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)調皮(pi)棉(mian)采購(gou)價的(de)可能。
國際棉(mian)價(jia)方面(mian),3月14-18日(ri)當周(zhou)前(qian)期(qi),日(ri)本“核危(wei)機”令全(quan)球金融市(shi)場(chang)遭受重挫(cuo),紐(niu)約棉(mian)花(hua)期(qi)貨價(jia)格(ge)連續(xu)3個交易日(ri)跌(die)(die)停,后期(qi)隨(sui)著日(ri)本大規(gui)模(mo)注資(zi)及(ji)美(mei)(mei)元指數持續(xu)下(xia)(xia)挫(cuo),紐(niu)約棉(mian)花(hua)期(qi)貨市(shi)場(chang)重新在買盤推動下(xia)(xia)反彈,但(dan)棉(mian)價(jia)重心繼續(xu)下(xia)(xia)移(yi)。3月18日(ri),紐(niu)約棉(mian)花(hua)期(qi)貨5月合約結算(suan)價(jia)199.12美(mei)(mei)分(fen)/磅,較(jiao)上(shang)周(zhou)下(xia)(xia)跌(die)(die)5.82美(mei)(mei)分(fen)/磅,跌(die)(die)幅(fu)2.8%。代(dai)表進口棉(mian)中國主港(gang)到岸均價(jia)的國際棉(mian)花(hua)指數(M)按(an)1%關稅(shui)計算(suan),折人(ren)民(min)幣(bi)進口成本37432元/噸,較(jiao)上(shang)周(zhou)下(xia)(xia)跌(die)(die)1446元/噸,跌(die)(die)幅(fu)3.7%;按(an)滑準稅(shui)計算(suan),折人(ren)民(min)幣(bi)進口成本37636元/噸,較(jiao)上(shang)周(zhou)下(xia)(xia)跌(die)(die)1431元/噸,跌(die)(die)幅(fu)3.7%。
國(guo)際(ji)(ji)棉(mian)(mian)價(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劇烈(lie)波動(dong)已對(dui)現(xian)貨成(cheng)交造成(cheng)影響,前期(qi)棉(mian)(mian)商反映的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)毀約(yue)和成(cheng)交減少等(deng)情況得到證實。據(ju)3月(yue)4-10日(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美棉(mian)(mian)出口數(shu)據(ju),當周美棉(mian)(mian)對(dui)中國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簽約(yue)量(liang)僅為(wei)0.66萬(wan)噸,而毀約(yue)量(liang)達到1.34萬(wan)噸,新花的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簽約(yue)量(liang)也大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)減少。近期(qi),國(guo)際(ji)(ji)政(zheng)治(zhi)和經濟形勢較(jiao)為(wei)復雜,一方面(mian),由日(ri)本(ben)地(di)震引發的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“核危機”事件(jian)不(bu)斷升級,日(ri)本(ben)啟動(dong)大(da)(da)(da)規(gui)模注(zhu)資,國(guo)際(ji)(ji)社會出臺干預匯市(shi)政(zheng)策,加(jia)之市(shi)場對(dui)國(guo)際(ji)(ji)原材料、能源產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求存在變數(shu),給大(da)(da)(da)宗商品(pin)走勢帶來(lai)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)確(que)定因素(su);另一方面(mian),利比亞(ya)緊張(zhang)局勢升級,20日(ri)凌晨西方多國(guo)正式揭開軍事干預利比亞(ya)大(da)(da)(da)幕,也將(jiang)加(jia)大(da)(da)(da)以石油為(wei)代表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)宗商品(pin)價(jia)(jia)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波動(dong)幅度。在此背景下(xia),預計國(guo)際(ji)(ji)棉(mian)(mian)價(jia)(jia)仍將(jiang)維持(chi)大(da)(da)(da)幅振蕩格局。