文章來源：國家電網公司 發(fa)布(bu)時間：2008-10-19
國(guo)家(jia)電網公司作(zuo)為(wei)關系國(guo)家(jia)能(neng)源安全和(he)國(guo)民(min)經濟(ji)命脈的國(guo)有重(zhong)要骨(gu)干企(qi)業，以(yi)科學發展觀為(wei)指導(dao)，認真(zhen)貫徹落(luo)實國(guo)家(jia)節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)總體部署和(he)中央企(qi)業節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)工作(zuo)會議(yi)精神(shen)，確定了“十一五”期間(jian)，公司線損率比２００５年(nian)降(jiang)低(di)０．３個百分點，二(er)氧化硫排(pai)(pai)放量(liang)比２００５年(nian)下降(jiang)３０．３９％，減(jian)(jian)少１７．８６萬噸的節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)目標，并采取強化管理、推進結構調整、加快技術進步等多項措(cuo)施推進公司節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)工作(zuo)，成效(xiao)顯著(zhu)。
加(jia)強組(zu)織領(ling)導，嚴格考(kao)(kao)核(he)。國家電網(wang)公司(si)高(gao)度重視節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)工(gong)作(zuo)，成立(li)(li)了公司(si)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)領(ling)導小組(zu)，研究和部署公司(si)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)工(gong)作(zuo)，明確分工(gong)，抓(zhua)實(shi)抓(zhua)好。在(zai)電網(wang)規劃(hua)、設計、建設、運行(xing)的(de)全過(guo)程樹(shu)立(li)(li)“提(ti)高(gao)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用效率，保護環境(jing)”的(de)理念，將(jiang)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)融(rong)入到公司(si)的(de)戰(zhan)略規劃(hua)和日(ri)常工(gong)作(zuo)中。按照國資委(wei)加(jia)強中央企業(ye)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)工(gong)作(zuo)意(yi)見的(de)要求，進一步完善(shan)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)考(kao)(kao)核(he)辦法，建立(li)(li)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)工(gong)作(zuo)責任制(zhi)，將(jiang)相關工(gong)作(zuo)納入公司(si)年度負責人業(ye)績考(kao)(kao)核(he)，嚴格考(kao)(kao)核(he)，確保節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)各項措(cuo)施落(luo)實(shi)到位。
大(da)(da)力實施“一特三大(da)(da)”戰略，積(ji)極推進(jin)電網發(fa)(fa)展方式轉變。加快(kuai)以特高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓電網為骨干(gan)網架的(de)堅(jian)強國家電網建設(she)，著力提高(gao)(gao)(gao)電網大(da)(da)范圍、大(da)(da)規(gui)模、高(gao)(gao)(gao)效率優化配置資源的(de)能力，推進(jin)大(da)(da)煤(mei)電、大(da)(da)水電、大(da)(da)核電基(ji)地的(de)開發(fa)(fa)和外送，提高(gao)(gao)(gao)電力工業的(de)整體效率。同５００千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)電網相比，特高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓輸(shu)電在提高(gao)(gao)(gao)輸(shu)送容(rong)(rong)量、減少(shao)輸(shu)電損耗、節約線(xian)路(lu)走廊、節省工程(cheng)投(tou)資等方面具有明顯(xian)優勢。１０００千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)特高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓交流(liu)(liu)線(xian)路(lu)自然(ran)輸(shu)送功率是５００千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)４～５倍；使用(yong)相同鋁材時，１０００千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)特高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓交流(liu)(liu)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)線(xian)路(lu)損耗僅為５００千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)四分之一；采用(yong)同樣塔形時，單位容(rong)(rong)量走廊寬度(du)是５００千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)５０％。２００６年１１月，具有里程(cheng)碑(bei)意義的(de)晉東南－南陽－荊門１０００千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)特高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓交流(liu)(liu)試(shi)驗示范工程(cheng)開工建設(she)；２００７年５月，四川－上海８００千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)特高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓直流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)電示范工程(cheng)奠基(ji)儀式在上海舉行，標志我國電網發(fa)(fa)展進(jin)入(ru)了新階段(duan)。
加快科技(ji)(ji)(ji)進步(bu)，大(da)力(li)推廣(guang)先進適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)和通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)設(she)(she)計(ji)。實(shi)施科技(ji)(ji)(ji)興(xing)企戰(zhan)略(lve)，緊密(mi)圍(wei)繞資源節約、環(huan)境友好的(de)(de)主題，加大(da)科技(ji)(ji)(ji)投入，推進自(zi)主創新(xin)，加強(qiang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)攻關。大(da)力(li)推廣(guang)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)特(te)高壓輸電(dian)、同塔多回(hui)線路、串聯補償、大(da)容量變(bian)壓器(qi)等先進適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，全面提升(sheng)公司技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)水平，實(shi)現節能減排(pai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)新(xin)突破。大(da)力(li)推廣(guang)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)設(she)(she)計(ji)，構建(jian)完整(zheng)的(de)(de)與資源節約型、環(huan)境友好型社會相(xiang)適應(ying)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)標準，引導推廣(guang)占地少、污染輕(qing)、能耗低(di)、可靠(kao)性高的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)設(she)(she)備(bei)，以提高電(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)質量，降低(di)電(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)成(cheng)本(ben)。
加(jia)強技術改(gai)造(zao)，強化節(jie)能減排指標(biao)管理。公司(si)將(jiang)技術改(gai)造(zao)與節(jie)能減排緊密結(jie)合，相互(hu)協調、同步推進(jin)。以(yi)跨(kua)區電(dian)(dian)網(wang)、受端電(dian)(dian)網(wang)技術改(gai)造(zao)和高(gao)低壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)磁環(huan)網(wang)解(jie)環(huan)為重點，加(jia)強現有老舊設(she)備的(de)更新改(gai)造(zao)，提升設(she)備裝備水(shui)平、健康水(shui)平，截(jie)至２００７年(nian)(nian)９月底(di)，公司(si)系統改(gai)造(zao)高(gao)耗能變壓(ya)器４３７萬千伏(fu)安，投資近(jin)８億(yi)元，年(nian)(nian)節(jie)省電(dian)(dian)量(liang)約１億(yi)千瓦(wa)時，累(lei)計提高(gao)現有電(dian)(dian)網(wang)輸(shu)送能力(li)１．１億(yi)千瓦(wa)。按(an)照國家加(jia)快關(guan)停(ting)(ting)小火電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)有關(guan)要求，積極主動開展公司(si)所屬(shu)小火電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)關(guan)停(ting)(ting)工作；積極采(cai)用先(xian)進(jin)適(shi)用的(de)脫硫(liu)(liu)工藝，優先(xian)安排地方政(zheng)府(fu)已(yi)列入脫硫(liu)(liu)整改(gai)及“兩控區”內的(de)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)、燃煤硫(liu)(liu)分(fen)較高(gao)的(de)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)進(jin)行脫硫(liu)(liu)改(gai)造(zao)。
建立健全(quan)節能減排(pai)指標(biao)管理體(ti)系，加強(qiang)線(xian)損、發電(dian)煤耗(hao)和(he)二氧化(hua)硫(liu)排(pai)放的全(quan)過程、精細(xi)化(hua)管理。積(ji)極完(wan)善關(guan)口電(dian)量(liang)自動采集系統(tong)等(deng)信息化(hua)先進技(ji)術手段，強(qiang)化(hua)節能減排(pai)指標(biao)分析工作，并及時(shi)采取有針(zhen)對性的措施，確(que)保全(quan)面(mian)完(wan)成公司(si)“十一五”節能減排(pai)目標(biao)。
改進發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調(diao)(diao)度(du)(du)(du)方(fang)式，優(you)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)方(fang)式。堅持“安(an)(an)全第一(yi)”的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，積極(ji)配合政(zheng)府有關(guan)部門，開展(zhan)節能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調(diao)(diao)度(du)(du)(du)試點(dian)(dian)工(gong)作。結合實際，完善調(diao)(diao)度(du)(du)(du)技術手段(duan)和人員配備，有針對(dui)性地(di)制(zhi)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)應急預案(an)，確保新(xin)舊調(diao)(diao)度(du)(du)(du)方(fang)式的(de)(de)平穩過渡(du)和各項工(gong)作的(de)(de)有序銜接，確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)安(an)(an)全穩定運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。在非試點(dian)(dian)地(di)區，按照(zhao)節能(neng)、環保、經濟(ji)的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，改進發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調(diao)(diao)度(du)(du)(du)方(fang)式，對(dui)不同能(neng)耗、排污的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)安(an)(an)排差(cha)別電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量計(ji)劃。優(you)先調(diao)(diao)度(du)(du)(du)可再生能(neng)源(yuan)和高效、清潔的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，限制(zhi)能(neng)耗高、污染重的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，促進小火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)關(guan)停。積極(ji)優(you)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)方(fang)式。開展(zhan)水庫經濟(ji)調(diao)(diao)度(du)(du)(du)和水火聯調(diao)(diao)等(deng)經濟(ji)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)作，減(jian)少棄水，提高水能(neng)利用率；充分發(fa)揮(hui)大型水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)、煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)的(de)(de)整體(ti)優(you)勢，努力挖(wa)掘(jue)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)資源(yuan)，優(you)化配置潛力，加(jia)(jia)大跨區電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量交換(huan)力度(du)(du)(du)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)水火互(hu)濟(ji)和錯峰互(hu)補，共享系統(tong)備用容量，降低機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)調(diao)(diao)峰幅度(du)(du)(du)，實現節約能(neng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。
加強需求側(ce)管(guan)理(li)，提(ti)高終(zhong)端用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)效率(lv)。配合(he)(he)各級政府，積極開展(zhan)需求側(ce)管(guan)理(li)。充(chong)分發揮經(jing)濟杠桿(gan)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，實施峰(feng)谷電(dian)(dian)價政策，引導電(dian)(dian)力客戶優(you)化用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)方式，合(he)(he)理(li)錯避峰(feng)。建立合(he)(he)同能源管(guan)理(li)機制，向客戶提(ti)供能源效率(lv)審計(ji)、節(jie)電(dian)(dian)項目設計(ji)、培訓、運行維護(hu)、節(jie)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)監測(ce)等綜合(he)(he)性服務。廣(guang)泛開展(zhan)形式多樣的宣傳活動，推廣(guang)需求側(ce)管(guan)理(li)技術(shu)和產品，包括綠色照明技術(shu)、高效節(jie)能家用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)器、熱泵技術(shu)、余熱回(hui)收技術(shu)、熱電(dian)(dian)冷聯產技術(shu)等，培養用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶科學的用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)方式。