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國(guo)家(jia)(jia)電網公司認真貫徹落實(shi)黨中央、國(guo)務院決(jue)策部署，服務大(da)局(ju)，在(zai)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)重大(da)戰略布局(ju)中承(cheng)擔重任，全面推進(jin)改(gai)革(ge)向(xiang)縱深發展；圍繞改(gai)善人(ren)(ren)民生活(huo)，大(da)力推進(jin)農(nong)電體制改(gai)革(ge)、實(shi)施(shi)農(nong)網改(gai)造升級、帶動(dong)貧困(kun)人(ren)(ren)口和邊(bian)疆地(di)區(qu)脫貧致富奔小康，讓發展成果惠及人(ren)(ren)民，點亮了人(ren)(ren)民的生活(huo)，也支撐起人(ren)(ren)民對美好生活(huo)的向(xiang)往。

農電體制改革  讓縣域經濟“活起來”

長期以(yi)來，我(wo)(wo)國農(nong)村供(gong)電(dian)(dian)企業管(guan)(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)存在“直(zhi)供(gong)直(zhi)管(guan)(guan)”“代管(guan)(guan)”“自(zi)供(gong)自(zi)管(guan)(guan)”“股份(fen)制(zhi)”等(deng)多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)類型。這一農(nong)電(dian)(dian)體制(zhi)導致城鄉電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)之間難以(yi)真正實現統籌(chou)規劃(hua)和(he)建設，縣供(gong)電(dian)(dian)企業自(zi)我(wo)(wo)管(guan)(guan)理(li)能力弱，農(nong)村電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)投(tou)資(zi)欠(qian)賬多(duo)(duo)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)基礎薄弱，農(nong)村電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展不(bu)平(ping)衡的(de)(de)矛(mao)盾日(ri)益(yi)突出(chu)，制(zhi)約了農(nong)村經濟社(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，農(nong)電(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)改革勢在必(bi)行。對此，國務(wu)院(yuan)于(yu)2016年(nian)印發(fa)(fa)(fa)了《關于(yu)轉發(fa)(fa)(fa)國家發(fa)(fa)(fa)改委關于(yu)“十三五”期間實施新一輪農(nong)村電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)改造升級工程(cheng)意(yi)見的(de)(de)通(tong)知》，要(yao)求到2020年(nian)末全部取消“代管(guan)(guan)體制(zhi)”。

根(gen)據國(guo)務院(yuan)文件要求，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)組織實施(shi)了(le)(le)部(bu)分代管、股份制縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)上(shang)劃(hua)工作(zuo)。代管企業上(shang)劃(hua)后，縣(xian)(xian)域農村(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)納入(ru)了(le)(le)全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)‘大(da)(da)盤子’，從根(gen)本上(shang)破除了(le)(le)制約農村(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)展的體制障礙(ai)，‘大(da)(da)、小電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)’真正實現(xian)了(le)(le)統(tong)一規劃(hua)、統(tong)一建設、統(tong)一運營、統(tong)一管理。2010年(nian)以來，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)累計完成569個(ge)代管縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、320個(ge)股份制縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)及(ji)14個(ge)地方(fang)自(zi)(zi)供(gong)自(zi)(zi)管縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)，合計903個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)地方(fang)國(guo)有(you)產權(quan)劃(hua)轉工作(zuo)。目(mu)前，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)區域內絕大(da)(da)部(bu)分省區均實現(xian)了(le)(le)縣(xian)(xian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業直供(gong)直管，實現(xian)了(le)(le)與(yu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)管理的全面(mian)接軌，提升(sheng)了(le)(le)管理水平(ping)和優質服務能力，促進(jin)了(le)(le)農村(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)和農村(cun)(cun)經濟發(fa)展。

在(zai)(zai)(zai)河南，電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業(ye)資產紐帶關系得到(dao)理(li)順，投資渠(qu)道得以(yi)暢(chang)通(tong)，一大批破瓶(ping)頸(jing)、惠民生的農村(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)工(gong)程(cheng)相繼開工(gong)建(jian)設，為農村(cun)發展(zhan)提供(gong)了有力的電(dian)(dian)力支撐。在(zai)(zai)(zai)四(si)川，改革(ge)暢(chang)通(tong)了基層電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業(ye)服務群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)的“最(zui)后一公里”。每年春節期間(jian)(jian)，農村(cun)外(wai)(wai)出(chu)務工(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)集中(zhong)返鄉，用(yong)電(dian)(dian)負荷急劇(ju)增加，容易出(chu)現電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不穩、斷電(dian)(dian)等情(qing)況(kuang)，供(gong)電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)通(tong)過提前(qian)掌(zhang)握外(wai)(wai)出(chu)務工(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)返鄉時間(jian)(jian)，安排移動(dong)發電(dian)(dian)機和變壓(ya)器，確保了群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)春節期間(jian)(jian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)需求。在(zai)(zai)(zai)浙(zhe)江(jiang)、江(jiang)蘇抗擊臺(tai)風應(ying)急搶(qiang)險中(zhong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)湖北、湖南雨雪冰(bing)凍災(zai)(zai)害中(zhong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)四(si)川、甘(gan)肅地震救災(zai)(zai)中(zhong)，縣(xian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)借助(zhu)公司(si)集團化作戰的優勢，以(yi)最(zui)快的速(su)度圓滿完(wan)成了搶(qiang)險保電(dian)(dian)任務，讓群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)第一時間(jian)(jian)用(yong)上(shang)可靠的電(dian)(dian)能。

實踐證明，消除縣供(gong)電(dian)企(qi)業代管的(de)體制性障礙，推進了城(cheng)鄉一體化統籌發展(zhan)，實現(xian)了在(zai)更大(da)范圍內的(de)資源優化配(pei)置，有力促進了農村電(dian)網和縣供(gong)電(dian)企(qi)業的(de)發展(zhan)，農村供(gong)電(dian)服務水平得到了有效提(ti)升，為縣域經濟發展(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)了堅強電(dian)力保障。

農網改造升級  讓農村電網強起來

農(nong)網(wang)(wang)35～110千伏(fu)變電(dian)(dian)容量超(chao)過8億千伏(fu)安(an)，農(nong)村戶均供電(dian)(dian)能力從2010年的0.99千伏(fu)安(an)提(ti)高到1.72千伏(fu)安(an)，提(ti)升(sheng)74%。西(xi)部(bu)地區49個縣(xian)域電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)“孤網(wang)(wang)運行”問題得到解決，西(xi)藏自治區58個縣(xian)域電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)實(shi)現與主網(wang)(wang)聯網(wang)(wang)，解決中(zhong)西(xi)部(bu)地區124個縣(xian)域電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)與主網(wang)(wang)聯系薄弱問題，累計解決農(nong)村“低電(dian)(dian)壓”3071萬戶，全面實(shi)現了(le)經營區“戶戶通電(dian)(dian)”。這是國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)在(zai)“十二(er)五”期間(jian)農(nong)網(wang)(wang)改造升(sheng)級中(zhong)交出的答卷(juan)。

進入(ru)“十三(san)五”，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)生活(huo)水平(ping)不斷提(ti)高，對農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了更高的(de)要求。2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)，政府(fu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)報告中提(ti)出(chu)(chu)“抓(zhua)緊新(xin)一輪農(nong)(nong)網(wang)(wang)改造(zao)(zao)(zao)升級(ji)，兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)內實現農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)穩定可(ke)靠供(gong)電(dian)(dian)服(fu)務和平(ping)原地區機井通電(dian)(dian)全覆蓋”。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)召開實施(shi)新(xin)一輪農(nong)(nong)網(wang)(wang)改造(zao)(zao)(zao)升級(ji)工(gong)(gong)程暨第一批項目開工(gong)(gong)動(dong)員電(dian)(dian)視電(dian)(dian)話(hua)會(hui)議(yi)，啟動(dong)實施(shi)新(xin)一輪農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)改造(zao)(zao)(zao)升級(ji)“兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)攻堅戰(zhan)(zhan)”。2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月25日，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)提(ti)前三(san)個月完成“兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)攻堅戰(zhan)(zhan)”，累計投資(zi)1423.6億(yi)元(yuan)，完成153.5萬眼農(nong)(nong)田(tian)機井新(xin)通電(dian)(dian)及(ji)改造(zao)(zao)(zao)、6.6萬個小城鎮（中心村(cun)(cun)）電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)改造(zao)(zao)(zao)升級(ji)、7.8萬個自然村(cun)(cun)新(xin)通動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)及(ji)改造(zao)(zao)(zao)。

在河北省黃驊(hua)市舊城鎮小(xiao)(xiao)堤柳(liu)莊(zhuang)，四(si)處盡(jin)是慕名而來的游客。小(xiao)(xiao)堤柳(liu)莊(zhuang)的發(fa)展(zhan)獲益于黃驊(hua)市19個(ge)村(cun)農(nong)(nong)網改造(zao)升級工程(cheng)，“現在電(dian)足了，俺家(jia)(jia)餐館里有了空調(diao)包間。今(jin)后，我(wo)還打算(suan)擴(kuo)建，為客人提供餐飲、住宿、導游一條龍服務。”談到(dao)農(nong)(nong)網改造(zao)升級給自家(jia)(jia)餐館帶來的變化，村(cun)民(min)張波難掩心(xin)中的喜悅。

在我(wo)國人口最少的行政鄉(xiang)(xiang)——9戶32人的西藏玉麥(mai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)實現了(le)大(da)電(dian)網供電(dian)。這背后，是國家電(dian)網投入635萬(wan)元架設的一條15公里10千伏線(xian)路。從那以后，小水電(dian)、煤油燈都成了(le)歷史，玉麥(mai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)的鄉(xiang)(xiang)親們(men)也和城里人一樣(yang)，看(kan)上了(le)電(dian)視(shi)，用上了(le)現代化電(dian)器。

國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司除了(le)推進農網(wang)改造升級(ji)，還積極落實(shi)國務院指示精(jing)神，力爭用(yong)(yong)三年(nian)時間，統一城(cheng)(cheng)鄉用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價格，實(shi)現同網(wang)同價。目前，全國省(sheng)級(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)直供區基本實(shi)現城(cheng)(cheng)鄉用(yong)(yong)網(wang)同價，農村各類用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價格降低(di)至平(ping)均每(mei)千瓦時0.685元(yuan)。此外，國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)還對全網(wang)范圍低(di)保(bao)(bao)戶或“五(wu)保(bao)(bao)戶”實(shi)行免(mian)(mian)費用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)政策。截至2017年(nian)年(nian)底，公司對供區內3104萬(wan)低(di)保(bao)(bao)戶或“五(wu)保(bao)(bao)戶”實(shi)行每(mei)月10～15千瓦時的(de)免(mian)(mian)費用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)政策，年(nian)合計減免(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)費16.4億(yi)元(yuan)。城(cheng)(cheng)鄉用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)同網(wang)同價減輕了(le)農民(min)(min)負擔(dan)，縮(suo)小了(le)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉差(cha)別，更好(hao)地(di)實(shi)現了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力為農業、農民(min)(min)、農村經濟服(fu)務，拓寬了(le)農村居民(min)(min)的(de)致(zhi)富(fu)路。

改造所(suo)及之(zhi)處(chu)，農(nong)(nong)網供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力、服(fu)務水平(ping)明顯提升，農(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)條件顯著改善，農(nong)(nong)村電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣 化(hua)水平(ping)進(jin)一步提升。公(gong)司規(gui)劃，到2020年，農(nong)(nong)村地區基本實現(xian)穩定可(ke)靠(kao)的供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服(fu)務全覆(fu)蓋，打造安全可(ke)靠(kao)、經濟合理、堅(jian)固耐(nai)用的現(xian)代化(hua)農(nong)(nong)網。供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)靠(kao)率、綜(zong)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓合格率分別為99.88%、99.45%，農(nong)(nong)村戶均配變(bian)容量達到2.2千伏安。不僅(jin)為農(nong)(nong)村輸送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，更輸入有保障的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，輸入可(ke)期待的生(sheng)(sheng)活改善。

【責任編輯：王莉】