文章來源:人民日報(bao) 發布(bu)時間:2019-04-19
黨(dang)的(de)(de)十(shi)八大以來,黨(dang)和國(guo)(guo)家走過了一(yi)(yi)段極不(bu)平(ping)凡(fan)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)歷程。從創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)發展(zhan)(zhan)方面講,我國(guo)(guo)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)發展(zhan)(zhan)戰(zhan)略(lve)全面實(shi)(shi)施(shi),科技創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)取得歷史性成就。黨(dang)的(de)(de)十(shi)九大報告強調,在全面建(jian)成小康社會決勝(sheng)期,要堅定實(shi)(shi)施(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)發展(zhan)(zhan)戰(zhan)略(lve)。習近平(ping)同志在參(can)加(jia)十(shi)三屆全國(guo)(guo)人大一(yi)(yi)次會議廣(guang)東代表團審議時(shi)指出:“中國(guo)(guo)如果不(bu)走創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)發展(zhan)(zhan)道(dao)路,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)舊動(dong)能(neng)不(bu)能(neng)順利轉換,就不(bu)能(neng)真正強大起(qi)來。”可(ke)見,走創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)發展(zhan)(zhan)道(dao)路是(shi)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)“兩個一(yi)(yi)百年”奮斗目標(biao)、實(shi)(shi)現(xian)中華(hua)民族偉大復興中國(guo)(guo)夢(meng)的(de)(de)戰(zhan)略(lve)抉擇。
走(zou)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)(dong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)道路,必須以新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念引領科(ke)技(ji)與(yu)(yu)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),實(shi)現(xian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方式與(yu)(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)。當(dang)前,大數(shu)據、云計算、人工智能(neng)(neng)、清潔能(neng)(neng)源、生(sheng)物醫藥、空天海(hai)洋等科(ke)技(ji)與(yu)(yu)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)日新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)月異,全(quan)球經(jing)濟(ji)格局正(zheng)在發(fa)生(sheng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)。世(shi)界(jie)科(ke)技(ji)革(ge)命與(yu)(yu)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)變(bian)(bian)(bian)革(ge)為我(wo)國創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)供了新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)機(ji)遇。抓住新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)機(ji)遇,走(zou)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)(dong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)道路,關鍵是貫徹落實(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時代,我(wo)國發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)要從(cong)注(zhu)(zhu)重經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)速度(du)和(he)(he)規模轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為注(zhu)(zhu)重經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)質量和(he)(he)效(xiao)益,不斷(duan)優化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構,實(shi)現(xian)綠色發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、可(ke)持續發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan);從(cong)依(yi)(yi)靠自(zi)然資(zi)源和(he)(he)資(zi)本等要素驅動(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為依(yi)(yi)靠科(ke)技(ji)、體制、管理、業(ye)(ye)態和(he)(he)文化(hua)等創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)(dong);從(cong)依(yi)(yi)賴資(zi)源和(he)(he)勞動(dong)(dong)密集型(xing)傳統產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)規模擴張轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為去落后產(chan)能(neng)(neng),加快傳統產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)綠色化(hua)、數(shu)字化(hua)、網(wang)絡化(hua)、智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)、定制化(hua)轉(zhuan)型(xing)升級(ji);從(cong)依(yi)(yi)靠產(chan)業(ye)(ye)規模和(he)(he)低價格競爭優勢轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為依(yi)(yi)靠創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)品(pin)設(she)計、發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)先進工藝、提(ti)供個(ge)性化(hua)服務,從(cong)而提(ti)高產(chan)品(pin)和(he)(he)服務的(de)(de)品(pin)質,引領新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)需求(qiu)、開拓新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)市(shi)場、創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)價值。
走創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)發(fa)展(zhan)道(dao)路,必須(xu)推進(jin)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。習近平(ping)同志(zhi)強(qiang)調(diao),“要(yao)全面推進(jin)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),提高資(zi)源配置效(xiao)率效(xiao)能(neng),推動(dong)(dong)(dong)資(zi)源向優質(zhi)企業和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)品集(ji)中(zhong),推動(dong)(dong)(dong)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)要(yao)素自(zi)(zi)由(you)流(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)(he)聚集(ji),使創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)高質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)強(qiang)大動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)”。這一(yi)重要(yao)論(lun)述,深刻闡明了體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)對創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)重要(yao)意義。為(wei)此,要(yao)進(jin)一(yi)步完(wan)善相(xiang)關立(li)法(fa),加(jia)強(qiang)執法(fa)監督,切實(shi)(shi)保護財產(chan)(chan)權和(he)(he)知識(shi)產(chan)(chan)權,形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)探索自(zi)(zi)由(you)包(bao)容、創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)人才和(he)(he)資(zi)源自(zi)(zi)由(you)流(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)環境,形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)統一(yi)開(kai)放、競(jing)爭有序、公平(ping)透明的(de)(de)市場(chang)(chang)環境;建立(li)以企業為(wei)主(zhu)體(ti)、市場(chang)(chang)為(wei)導向、產(chan)(chan)學研深度融(rong)合的(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)體(ti)系;深化(hua)科(ke)技(ji)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改革,在創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)資(zi)源配置、成(cheng)(cheng)果評(ping)價(jia)處(chu)分、收益分配等方面形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);完(wan)善激勵制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造業創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)稅收和(he)(he)投(tou)融(rong)資(zi)政策;不斷推進(jin)科(ke)技(ji)評(ping)價(jia)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度改革,基礎前沿研究應主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)國內外同行評(ping)價(jia)和(he)(he)接受時間的(de)(de)驗證(zheng),應用(yong)研究與技(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)應依據應用(yong)實(shi)(shi)效(xiao)和(he)(he)市場(chang)(chang)進(jin)行評(ping)價(jia)。
走創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動發(fa)(fa)展道(dao)路,必(bi)須重視創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)教育(yu)。國家富強(qiang)起來要(yao)靠(kao)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)要(yao)靠(kao)人(ren)才,人(ren)才要(yao)靠(kao)教育(yu)。要(yao)堅持(chi)素質教育(yu),堅持(chi)理(li)論與(yu)實踐相結合,在(zai)傳授知識的(de)同時(shi)更加注重培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)育(yu)學(xue)(xue)生進行探索(suo)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)興趣、想象(xiang)力,培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)育(yu)學(xue)(xue)生的(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)和創(chuang)(chuang)業意識,提升(sheng)學(xue)(xue)生的(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)自信,使學(xue)(xue)生不斷(duan)提高探索(suo)研(yan)究、創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)的(de)能力,樹(shu)立科學(xue)(xue)精(jing)神、創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)精(jing)神、工(gong)匠精(jing)神和創(chuang)(chuang)業精(jing)神;不斷(duan)優化(hua)教育(yu)結構(gou),適應經濟社(she)會創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)大趨(qu)勢,在(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養凝聚一流(liu)科技(ji)、法律、金融、管理(li)和商務人(ren)才的(de)同時(shi),還要(yao)大力發(fa)(fa)展適應和面向未來產業發(fa)(fa)展需求的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)和職(zhi)業教育(yu),培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養一大批職(zhi)業素養一流(liu)、創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)敬業的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)師、經濟師、數據師、計算師、技(ji)師和技(ji)術工(gong)人(ren)。在(zai)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)教育(yu)中,必(bi)須堅持(chi)弘(hong)揚(yang)社(she)會主義核心價值(zhi)觀,建設(she)具有中國特色、符(fu)合時(shi)代精(jing)神的(de)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)文化(hua),營造(zao)有利于創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業的(de)社(she)會氛圍。
(本文摘(zhai)自《人民(min)日(ri)報》 作者(zhe):路甬祥)
【責(ze)任(ren)編輯:陳丹妮】