文章(zhang)來源：新華社 發布時(shi)間(jian)：2018-08-22
日前，國務院總理(li)李克(ke)強(qiang)簽(qian)署國務院令，公布《融資擔保公司監督管理(li)條例》，自2017年10月(yue)1日起施行(xing)。
融資(zi)擔保行業(ye)對于發展(zhan)普惠金融，促進資(zi)金融通，特別是解決小(xiao)微企(qi)業(ye)和“三農(nong)(nong)”融資(zi)難融資(zi)貴問題具有(you)重(zhong)要作用。近年來，我國融資(zi)擔保行業(ye)在較快發展(zhan)的(de)同時，也存在監(jian)督管(guan)理不到位(wei)、經營行為不規(gui)范(fan)不審慎(shen)、為小(xiao)微企(qi)業(ye)和“三農(nong)(nong)”服(fu)務(wu)的(de)意愿有(you)待增強和能力(li)有(you)待提(ti)高(gao)等(deng)問題。制(zhi)定《條例》，有(you)利于加(jia)大政策扶(fu)持力(li)度，完(wan)善(shan)監(jian)管(guan)制(zhi)度，有(you)效防(fang)范(fan)風險，促進融資(zi)擔保行業(ye)健康(kang)發展(zhan)，更好地為小(xiao)微企(qi)業(ye)和“三農(nong)(nong)”服(fu)務(wu)。
《條例(li)》規(gui)定(ding)，國家(jia)推動建立政府性(xing)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)體系(xi)，發(fa)展(zhan)政府支持的(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)公(gong)司(si)(si)，建立政府、銀行(xing)業(ye)金融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構、融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)公(gong)司(si)(si)合作機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，擴大(da)為小(xiao)微(wei)(wei)企業(ye)和“三農(nong)”提(ti)供融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)業(ye)務(wu)的(de)規(gui)模并保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持較低的(de)費率水平。各級人民政府財政部門(men)對(dui)主要為小(xiao)微(wei)(wei)企業(ye)和“三農(nong)”服務(wu)的(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)公(gong)司(si)(si)提(ti)供財政支持。政府支持的(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)公(gong)司(si)(si)應當(dang)(dang)增強運用大(da)數據等現代信息(xi)技術手(shou)段的(de)能(neng)力，為小(xiao)微(wei)(wei)企業(ye)和“三農(nong)”融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)需求服務(wu)。納入(ru)政府推動建立的(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)風險分(fen)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)的(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)公(gong)司(si)(si)，應當(dang)(dang)按照(zhao)國家(jia)有關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)降低對(dui)小(xiao)微(wei)(wei)企業(ye)和“三農(nong)”的(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)費率。
《條例》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)了融(rong)資擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保公(gong)司的經營規(gui)(gui)則，包括建(jian)立(li)健全各(ge)項業務規(gui)(gui)范以及風(feng)險(xian)管理等(deng)內部控制制度，并(bing)按照國家(jia)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的風(feng)險(xian)權重(zhong)計量擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保責任(ren)余額；擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保責任(ren)余額不得(de)超過相應的比例；自有資金的運用應當符合國家(jia)有關其資產安全性、流動(dong)性的規(gui)(gui)定(ding)；禁(jin)止融(rong)資擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保公(gong)司吸收存(cun)款(kuan)或(huo)者變(bian)相吸收存(cun)款(kuan)、自營貸款(kuan)或(huo)者受(shou)托貸款(kuan)以及受(shou)托投資等(deng)。
《條例》明確了(le)融(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保公司的(de)(de)監督(du)管(guan)理體制，規定(ding)由省(sheng)級(ji)人民(min)政(zheng)府確定(ding)的(de)(de)部(bu)門負責(ze)對本(ben)(ben)地(di)區融(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保公司的(de)(de)監督(du)管(guan)理；省(sheng)級(ji)人民(min)政(zheng)府負責(ze)制定(ding)促(cu)進(jin)本(ben)(ben)地(di)區融(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保行業(ye)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)政(zheng)策措施、處置融(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保公司風險，督(du)促(cu)監督(du)管(guan)理部(bu)門嚴格(ge)履(lv)行職責(ze)；國務(wu)院建立融(rong)資(zi)性擔(dan)(dan)保業(ye)務(wu)監管(guan)部(bu)際聯席(xi)會議(yi)。《條例》規定(ding)了(le)監督(du)管(guan)理部(bu)門的(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)職責(ze)和(he)具體監管(guan)措施，以及融(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保公司應當遵(zun)守的(de)(de)監管(guan)要(yao)(yao)求。