文(wen)章來源：新(xin)華社 發(fa)布時(shi)間：2018-08-22
日前，國務院總理(li)李克強簽署國務院令，公布《融資擔保(bao)公司(si)監督管理(li)條例》，自(zi)2017年10月1日起施行。
融(rong)資擔保(bao)(bao)行業對于發展普惠(hui)金(jin)融(rong)，促進資金(jin)融(rong)通(tong)，特別是解決小微(wei)企(qi)業和“三(san)農(nong)(nong)”融(rong)資難融(rong)資貴問題具有重(zhong)要作用。近年來(lai)，我國(guo)融(rong)資擔保(bao)(bao)行業在較快發展的同時，也存(cun)在監督(du)管理不到位、經營(ying)行為(wei)不規范(fan)(fan)不審慎、為(wei)小微(wei)企(qi)業和“三(san)農(nong)(nong)”服務(wu)的意(yi)愿有待(dai)(dai)增(zeng)強和能力(li)(li)有待(dai)(dai)提高等問題。制(zhi)定《條例(li)》，有利于加大(da)政策扶持力(li)(li)度，完善監管制(zhi)度，有效(xiao)防范(fan)(fan)風險(xian)，促進融(rong)資擔保(bao)(bao)行業健康(kang)發展，更好地為(wei)小微(wei)企(qi)業和“三(san)農(nong)(nong)”服務(wu)。
《條例》規定，國(guo)(guo)家推(tui)動建立政(zheng)府(fu)性融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)體系，發(fa)展政(zheng)府(fu)支(zhi)持的(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)司，建立政(zheng)府(fu)、銀行(xing)業(ye)(ye)金融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構、融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)司合(he)作機(ji)(ji)制，擴大(da)為小微企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)“三(san)農”提(ti)供(gong)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)規模并保(bao)(bao)持較低的(de)(de)(de)費率水(shui)平(ping)。各級人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)府(fu)財政(zheng)部門對主要為小微企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)“三(san)農”服務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)司提(ti)供(gong)財政(zheng)支(zhi)持。政(zheng)府(fu)支(zhi)持的(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)司應當(dang)增(zeng)強運用大(da)數(shu)據等現(xian)代信息(xi)技術手段的(de)(de)(de)能力，為小微企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)“三(san)農”融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)需求服務(wu)。納入(ru)政(zheng)府(fu)推(tui)動建立的(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)風險(xian)分擔(dan)(dan)機(ji)(ji)制的(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)公(gong)(gong)司，應當(dang)按照(zhao)國(guo)(guo)家有(you)關(guan)規定降(jiang)低對小微企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)“三(san)農”的(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)(bao)費率。
《條例》規定(ding)了融資(zi)擔(dan)保公司的經營規則(ze)，包(bao)括建立健全(quan)各項業(ye)務規范以(yi)及風險管理(li)等內部控制制度，并按照(zhao)國(guo)(guo)家規定(ding)的風險權重(zhong)計(ji)量擔(dan)保責(ze)任余額；擔(dan)保責(ze)任余額不得(de)超過相應的比例；自(zi)有資(zi)金(jin)的運用應當符合國(guo)(guo)家有關(guan)其資(zi)產安(an)全(quan)性、流(liu)動(dong)性的規定(ding)；禁止融資(zi)擔(dan)保公司吸(xi)收(shou)存款(kuan)或者變相吸(xi)收(shou)存款(kuan)、自(zi)營貸款(kuan)或者受托貸款(kuan)以(yi)及受托投(tou)資(zi)等。
《條例(li)(li)》明確了融(rong)(rong)資擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)公司(si)的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)體制，規(gui)定(ding)(ding)由(you)省級(ji)人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)確定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)門(men)負責(ze)對(dui)本(ben)地區融(rong)(rong)資擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)公司(si)的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)；省級(ji)人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)負責(ze)制定(ding)(ding)促進本(ben)地區融(rong)(rong)資擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)發展的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)策(ce)措施(shi)、處置(zhi)融(rong)(rong)資擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)公司(si)風險，督(du)(du)(du)促監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)部(bu)門(men)嚴(yan)格履行(xing)職(zhi)責(ze)；國(guo)務院建立(li)融(rong)(rong)資性(xing)擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)業(ye)(ye)務監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)部(bu)際(ji)聯席會議。《條例(li)(li)》規(gui)定(ding)(ding)了監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)部(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)主要職(zhi)責(ze)和具體監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)措施(shi)，以及融(rong)(rong)資擔(dan)(dan)保(bao)公司(si)應當遵守的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)要求。