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隨著航天工程技術快速發展，航天器有效載荷不斷增加、需求功率不斷增大，迫切需要長壽命、高可靠、輕量化、小型化的新一代蓄電池。我國高軌衛星儲能電池技術落后，難以滿足型號發展需要，亟需開展相關領域技術攻關，解決核心技術受制于人問題。

中國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)科所屬第18研(yan)究(jiu)所經過(guo)(guo)多(duo)年研(yan)究(jiu)，攻克了(le)鋰(li)離子蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)應用于高(gao)軌衛星的(de)(de)系列技(ji)術難題，取得(de)多(duo)項(xiang)創新成(cheng)果：一是(shi)突破(po)長壽(shou)命(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)設計、一致性(xing)篩選、壽(shou)命(ming)建(jian)模與(yu)評價技(ji)術，掌握長壽(shou)命(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極制備(bei)成(cheng)套工藝，大幅提(ti)升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用壽(shou)命(ming)，研(yan)制的(de)(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)全(quan)充、全(quan)放(fang)循環壽(shou)命(ming)超過(guo)(guo)3000次(ci)，完全(quan)滿足(zu)高(gao)軌衛星15年的(de)(de)壽(shou)命(ming)需要(yao)。二是(shi)針對太空(kong)環境(jing)特殊要(yao)求(qiu)，發明新型絕緣(yuan)密封(feng)結構(gou)(gou)，解(jie)(jie)決薄(bo)壁(bi)殼(ke)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子束焊(han)接難題，滿足(zu)機(ji)械振(zhen)動(dong)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液(ye)腐蝕(shi)、真(zhen)空(kong)負壓(ya)、輻射(she)老化和多(duo)相(xiang)絕緣(yuan)等復雜(za)條件下，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)穩(wen)定性(xing)和可靠性(xing)要(yao)求(qiu)。三是(shi)創新設計3并套筒式結構(gou)(gou)，解(jie)(jie)決蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)產(chan)品機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱一體化技(ji)術難題，減(jian)小了(le)產(chan)品安裝體積、功(gong)率回路(lu)路(lu)徑和輸出(chu)阻抗，降(jiang)低(di)了(le)整機(ji)溫度梯(ti)度和系統(tong)短(duan)路(lu)風險。四是(shi)發明自主(zhu)均衡矩陣補償技(ji)術，可根據(ju)單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與(yu)平均電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)比較關系，對單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行補償分流，解(jie)(jie)決了(le)因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導致的(de)(de)性(xing)能離散(san)問題，提(ti)升了(le)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在軌工作的(de)(de)自主(zhu)管控水平。

項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)授權發明專利5項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，發表論(lun)文10篇，獲國(guo)防科技進(jin)步一等獎1項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，形成核心技術(shu)秘密2項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，創造直接經濟效益3.6億元以(yi)上。項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)成果先后在北斗導航衛星(xing)、“DFH-3B”衛星(xing)平臺(tai)等應用(yong)，解決了長(chang)壽命高軌衛星(xing)用(yong)高性能儲能電池長(chang)期依(yi)賴進(jin)口的問題，為我國(guo)實(shi)現關鍵航天(tian)產品(pin)“自主可控、穩定運行”作(zuo)出了重要貢(gong)獻(xian)。

 

【責任編輯：李瑛】