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國務院國資委近日印發《中央企(qi)業工資總額管(guan)理辦法》（國資委令第39號，以下簡(jian)稱(cheng)《辦法》）。

《辦法》以習(xi)近平新(xin)時代中(zhong)國(guo)特色社會主(zhu)義思(si)想為(wei)(wei)(wei)指引，以建(jian)立健(jian)全與勞動(dong)力市(shi)場基本(ben)適應(ying)、與企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益(yi)和勞動(dong)生(sheng)產率掛鉤(gou)的(de)工(gong)資決定和正常增長機制(zhi)，增強企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)活力和動(dong)力，促進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實現(xian)高質量發(fa)展，推動(dong)國(guo)有(you)資本(ben)做(zuo)(zuo)強做(zuo)(zuo)優做(zuo)(zuo)大為(wei)(wei)(wei)目(mu)標，以出資人管(guan)資本(ben)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)強化激勵約(yue)束(shu)建(jian)設為(wei)(wei)(wei)遵循(xun)，按照《國(guo)務院關(guan)于改(gai)革國(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資決定機制(zhi)的(de)意見》（國(guo)發(fa)〔2018〕16號(hao)，以下簡稱《意見》）精神，在(zai)繼承以往(wang)有(you)效(xiao)經(jing)驗和做(zuo)(zuo)法的(de)基礎上，對現(xian)行(xing)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總額管(guan)理(li)相關(guan)制(zhi)度辦法進行(xing)修改(gai)和完善。

《辦法(fa)》明確對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總(zong)額(e)實(shi)行(xing)分(fen)類管(guan)理。對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)處(chu)于充(chong)分(fen)競(jing)爭行(xing)業(ye)(ye)和(he)領域的(de)(de)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)類中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總(zong)額(e)預算原則上全(quan)部實(shi)行(xing)備案制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理，由企業(ye)(ye)董(dong)事(shi)(shi)會(hui)在依法(fa)依規的(de)(de)前提下，自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)決定年(nian)度(du)工(gong)資總(zong)額(e)預算，國資委由事(shi)(shi)前核準(zhun)轉(zhuan)變(bian)為事(shi)(shi)前引導(dao)、事(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)監測和(he)事(shi)(shi)后(hou)監督；對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)處(chu)于關系國家安全(quan)、國民經濟命脈的(de)(de)重要行(xing)業(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵(jian)領域、主(zhu)(zhu)要承擔(dan)重大專項任(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)類中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)和(he)以(yi)提供公(gong)(gong)共(gong)產品或服務(wu)為主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)益類中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)，工(gong)資總(zong)額(e)預算繼續(xu)實(shi)行(xing)核準(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理；對(dui)(dui)開展國有資本投資、運(yun)營公(gong)(gong)司(si)或者混(hun)合所(suo)有制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革等試點的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)，提出可以(yi)探索實(shi)行(xing)更(geng)加靈活高(gao)效(xiao)的(de)(de)工(gong)資總(zong)額(e)管(guan)理方(fang)式。

《辦(ban)法》明(ming)確對中(zhong)央企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額實(shi)行(xing)分(fen)級管(guan)(guan)理。按(an)照《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央 國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)關于深(shen)化國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業改革的指導(dao)意見》（中(zhong)發(fa)〔2015〕22號(hao)，以下簡稱中(zhong)發(fa)22號(hao)文(wen)件(jian)）、《國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)辦(ban)公廳關于轉發(fa)國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委以管(guan)(guan)資(zi)本為主(zhu)推進職能轉變方案的通知》（國(guo)(guo)辦(ban)發(fa)〔2017〕38號(hao)）要(yao)求，結(jie)合當前(qian)中(zhong)央企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額管(guan)(guan)理實(shi)際，強調中(zhong)央企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額實(shi)行(xing)分(fen)級管(guan)(guan)理體制，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委與中(zhong)央企(qi)業權責清晰、各司其職，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委負責管(guan)(guan)制度(du)、管(guan)(guan)總(zong)(zong)量、管(guan)(guan)監督(du)，中(zhong)央企(qi)業負責管(guan)(guan)內部自主(zhu)分(fen)配、管(guan)(guan)預算分(fen)解落實(shi)、管(guan)(guan)具體操(cao)作執行(xing)。

《辦法》緊緊圍繞中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)22號文件和《意(yi)見》關(guan)于“建立健(jian)全與(yu)(yu)(yu)勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)市場基本適(shi)應、與(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟效(xiao)益和勞(lao)動(dong)生產率掛鉤的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)和正常增(zeng)長(chang)機(ji)制”的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，明確規定(ding)(ding)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)預(yu)算(suan)主要(yao)(yao)按照效(xiao)益決(jue)定(ding)(ding)、效(xiao)率調(diao)整、水(shui)平(ping)調(diao)控三個環節決(jue)定(ding)(ding)。一是(shi)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)預(yu)算(suan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)利潤總(zong)額(e)等(deng)(deng)經濟效(xiao)益指(zhi)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績考(kao)核目標(biao)值掛鉤，并且根據目標(biao)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)程(cheng)度(du)確定(ding)(ding)不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)算(suan)水(shui)平(ping)，引導(dao)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)完成高質量發(fa)(fa)展目標(biao)，帶動(dong)職工(gong)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)合理有(you)序增(zeng)長(chang)。二是(shi)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)長(chang)還應當(dang)通過(guo)人工(gong)成本投入(ru)產出效(xiao)率、勞(lao)動(dong)生產率等(deng)(deng)指(zhi)標(biao)對(dui)(dui)標(biao)進(jin)行(xing)調(diao)整，進(jin)一步(bu)協調(diao)不同(tong)(tong)效(xiao)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間(jian)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)配(pei)(pei)關(guan)系，提高企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)機(ji)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)科學性與(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)效(xiao)性。三是(shi)注重收入(ru)分(fen)配(pei)(pei)公平(ping)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委將按照國(guo)家有(you)關(guan)部門發(fa)(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)指(zhi)導(dao)線和對(dui)(dui)非競爭類國(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)調(diao)控要(yao)(yao)求，對(dui)(dui)部分(fen)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)平(ping)偏高、過(guo)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤其是(shi)主業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不屬于充分(fen)競爭行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)長(chang)過(guo)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況進(jin)行(xing)適(shi)當(dang)約束，確保企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職工(gong)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)與(yu)(yu)(yu)增(zeng)長(chang)幅度(du)更加公平(ping)合理、規范有(you)序。同(tong)(tong)時，對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)承擔(dan)重大(da)專項任(ren)務、重大(da)科技創(chuang)新項目等(deng)(deng)特殊事項的(de)(de)(de)(de)，《辦法》也明確將予以適(shi)度(du)支持。

《辦(ban)法》在從(cong)宏觀層面完善國家(jia)、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)職工三者工資分配(pei)(pei)關(guan)系，加(jia)大出資人向中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)董事會授權的同時(shi)，也同步對(dui)責(ze)任落實(shi)(shi)和(he)制度配(pei)(pei)套進行了(le)規定。一是強調(diao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)作為內(nei)部(bu)分配(pei)(pei)的責(ze)任主體，應當持續(xu)深化(hua)內(nei)部(bu)三項制度改革，構建企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)管(guan)理人員能(neng)(neng)(neng)上能(neng)(neng)(neng)下(xia)、員工能(neng)(neng)(neng)進能(neng)(neng)(neng)出、收入(ru)能(neng)(neng)(neng)增能(neng)(neng)(neng)減的市場化(hua)勞動用工和(he)收入(ru)分配(pei)(pei)管(guan)理機(ji)制，切實(shi)(shi)承擔起(qi)搞好、搞活企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)分配(pei)(pei)的職責(ze)。二是加(jia)強監督檢查(cha)，明確(que)界定企(qi)業(ye)(ye)違規責(ze)任，并將企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資總額管(guan)理情況納(na)入(ru)各項監督檢查(cha)范(fan)圍，與(yu)審(shen)計、巡視等工作形(xing)成合(he)力，確(que)保實(shi)(shi)現(xian)權責(ze)對(dui)等，監管(guan)到位(wei)。

【責任編輯：李瑛】