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近日，國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)(guo)資委(wei)發布了《中央企業工資總額管(guan)理辦法(fa)》（國(guo)(guo)資委(wei)令第39號，以下(xia)簡稱《辦法(fa)》）。《辦法(fa)》出(chu)臺后，國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)(guo)資委(wei)有關(guan)負責同志接受了記者采訪。

問：請介紹《辦法》的起(qi)草背景。

答：中央企業工(gong)資總(zong)額管理(li)是(shi)調節國(guo)家、企業、職(zhi)工(gong)三者(zhe)利益(yi)關(guan)(guan)系的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)方(fang)式(shi)，也是(shi)國(guo)資委依法(fa)履行出資人(ren)職(zhi)責的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)手段，一直以來，在推動(dong)中央企業改革發(fa)展、確保國(guo)有(you)資產(chan)保值(zhi)增值(zhi)方(fang)面發(fa)揮(hui)了重(zhong)要(yao)作用，同時，工(gong)資總(zong)額管理(li)又是(shi)關(guan)(guan)乎民生福祉的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)內容，涉及中央企業廣大干部職(zhi)工(gong)的(de)(de)切身利益(yi)，歷來受到各(ge)方(fang)面的(de)(de)高度關(guan)(guan)注。

國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)成(cheng)立以(yi)(yi)來，對完(wan)善工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)做了(le)(le)(le)(le)大量積極(ji)(ji)有(you)效探索，總(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)(ti)上(shang)分為三(san)個階(jie)段(duan)。第一階(jie)段(duan)為承接起(qi)(qi)步期，從2003年至2007年，國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)在(zai)(zai)依法(fa)承接原勞(lao)動保障部門對中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)監管(guan)職(zhi)(zhi)能的(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，從出(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人的(de)(de)角(jiao)度(du)(du)，持(chi)(chi)續對工(gong)(gong)效掛鉤管(guan)理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)進(jin)行改(gai)革和完(wan)善，初步構(gou)建了(le)(le)(le)(le)出(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人對企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)調(diao)控體(ti)(ti)系，在(zai)(zai)促進(jin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效益高速增長的(de)(de)同時，保障了(le)(le)(le)(le)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)較快提(ti)高。第二(er)階(jie)段(duan)是改(gai)革突破期，重點(dian)(dian)是探索和建立工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。2008年國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)在(zai)(zai)部分重點(dian)(dian)行業(ye)(ye)啟動了(le)(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)試(shi)點(dian)(dian)，著手建立工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)體(ti)(ti)系，2010年、2012年先(xian)后印發(fa)了(le)(le)(le)(le)《中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)暫行辦(ban)法(fa)》和《中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)暫行辦(ban)法(fa)實施(shi)細則》，2014年實現了(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)全覆蓋。這個時期的(de)(de)改(gai)革突破，在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)構(gou)建起(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)既(ji)符合(he)現代企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)，又與中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)實際相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)體(ti)(ti)系，也為全國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)全面實行工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)管(guan)理(li)提(ti)供了(le)(le)(le)(le)可復制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、可推廣的(de)(de)經(jing)驗(yan)和改(gai)革藍本。2014年以(yi)(yi)后，在(zai)(zai)深(shen)化國(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)改(gai)革的(de)(de)大背景下，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管(guan)理(li)進(jin)入第三(san)階(jie)段(duan)，即持(chi)(chi)續深(shen)化期，重點(dian)(dian)以(yi)(yi)分類管(guan)理(li)為手段(duan)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)備(bei)案制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)周期制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理(li)、工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)特別獎(jiang)勵等一系列政策措施(shi)，進(jin)一步增強了(le)(le)(le)(le)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)收(shou)入分配調(diao)控的(de)(de)針對性和有(you)效性，在(zai)(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展新常態下，發(fa)揮了(le)(le)(le)(le)助力中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)穩增長、激發(fa)和調(diao)動企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)干部職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)積極(ji)(ji)性的(de)(de)重要作用(yong)。

黨的(de)(de)(de)十九大站在新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)歷史起(qi)(qi)點上，明確我國(guo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟已經(jing)(jing)(jing)由(you)高速增長(chang)階段轉向高質量發展(zhan)(zhan)階段，作(zuo)出(chu)了(le)(le)貫(guan)徹新(xin)發展(zhan)(zhan)理念、實(shi)現高質量發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)署，提出(chu)了(le)(le)培育具有全球(qiu)競(jing)爭力的(de)(de)(de)世界一(yi)流企(qi)業(ye)目(mu)標(biao)。按照黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)務(wu)院的(de)(de)(de)決策(ce)部(bu)署，以及《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang) 國(guo)務(wu)院關(guan)于(yu)深化(hua)國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)改革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)指導意(yi)見》（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發〔2015〕22號，以下(xia)簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發22號文(wen)件）提出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)“建立健全與勞動力市(shi)場(chang)基(ji)本適(shi)應(ying)、與企(qi)業(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟效益和(he)勞動生(sheng)產率掛(gua)鉤的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)決定(ding)和(he)正常(chang)增長(chang)機制(zhi)”，即“一(yi)適(shi)應(ying)、兩掛(gua)鉤”的(de)(de)(de)總要求，人力資(zi)(zi)源社會(hui)保障部(bu)、財政(zheng)部(bu)、國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)共同研究起(qi)(qi)草(cao)《關(guan)于(yu)改革(ge)國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)決定(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見》（以下(xia)簡稱《意(yi)見》），2018年5月(yue)，《意(yi)見》經(jing)(jing)(jing)由(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)全面深化(hua)改革(ge)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)第一(yi)次會(hui)議審議通(tong)過(guo)，國(guo)務(wu)院正式印發。國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)作(zuo)為(wei)共同牽頭單位，在積極參與《意(yi)見》制(zhi)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)同時，根據《意(yi)見》精神，結合(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)改革(ge)發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際情況，對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)管理制(zhi)度體系進(jin)行全面修訂完善，同步制(zhi)定(ding)了(le)(le)《辦(ban)法(fa)》。

作(zuo)為(wei)《意(yi)見》在(zai)中央(yang)企業(ye)落地(di)落實(shi)的(de)配套(tao)文件制(zhi)度，在(zai)近(jin)兩年的(de)起草制(zhi)定過程中，國(guo)資(zi)委廣(guang)泛征(zheng)求了(le)各有關(guan)部(bu)門、地(di)方國(guo)資(zi)委以及全(quan)部(bu)中央(yang)企業(ye)意(yi)見，期間數(shu)易其(qi)稿，最終(zhong)由國(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)資(zi)委黨委會和主(zhu)任(ren)辦(ban)公會審議通過，以國(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)資(zi)委令的(de)形式(shi)正式(shi)公布。

問：制定《辦法》的(de)主要目的(de)和(he)意義是什么。

答：《辦法(fa)》是國資(zi)(zi)委(wei)首次以委(wei)令形式公開發(fa)布的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額管理制(zhi)(zhi)度文件，充(chong)分體(ti)現了國資(zi)(zi)委(wei)對這項工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)高(gao)度重視。制(zhi)(zhi)定《辦法(fa)》的(de)根本目的(de)，是貫徹(che)落實習(xi)近(jin)平新時代中(zhong)(zhong)國特色社會主義思(si)想(xiang)，增強(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)活力(li)和(he)競爭力(li)，促進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)實現高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)展。

中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資總額管理，既要(yao)與國有企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資決定機制改革的(de)(de)總體方向保持一致，又要(yao)充分(fen)體現中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)自(zi)身的(de)(de)經營發展特點。此次出臺的(de)(de)《辦法》，緊扣《意(yi)見》的(de)(de)精神(shen)實質(zhi)，切實做到了將出資人(ren)依法調控(kong)和(he)企(qi)業(ye)自(zi)主分(fen)配有機結合。

一是明確(que)提出按中(zhong)(zhong)央企業(ye)(ye)功能定(ding)位對工資(zi)總(zong)額實行分(fen)(fen)類(lei)管(guan)(guan)理。此次改革的(de)重要創新點之(zhi)一就是分(fen)(fen)類(lei)管(guan)(guan)理，將(jiang)工資(zi)總(zong)額預算備案制管(guan)(guan)理的(de)實施范圍，擴(kuo)大(da)到全(quan)部主業(ye)(ye)處于充(chong)分(fen)(fen)競爭行業(ye)(ye)和領域的(de)商業(ye)(ye)類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央企業(ye)(ye)，由(you)企業(ye)(ye)董(dong)事(shi)會依法依規自主決定(ding)年(nian)度工資(zi)總(zong)額預算，國資(zi)委由(you)事(shi)前(qian)核(he)準轉(zhuan)變為事(shi)前(qian)引導、事(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)監測(ce)和事(shi)后監督。

二是明確提出了對中(zhong)央企業(ye)工資(zi)總額(e)實(shi)行(xing)分(fen)級管(guan)(guan)理。國資(zi)委負責(ze)管(guan)(guan)制度、管(guan)(guan)總量、管(guan)(guan)監督，中(zhong)央企業(ye)負責(ze)管(guan)(guan)內部自主分(fen)配、管(guan)(guan)預算分(fen)解落實(shi)、管(guan)(guan)具體操作執行(xing)，國資(zi)委與中(zhong)央企業(ye)權責(ze)清晰、各司其職。

三是進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)完善中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)與(yu)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)掛鉤決定(ding)(ding)機制(zhi)。《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》圍繞建(jian)立(li)健(jian)全(quan)“一(yi)適應、兩掛鉤”工(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)目標要求(qiu)，進(jin)行了(le)一(yi)系列重大創新。如(ru)明確了(le)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)根據效(xiao)益(yi)決定(ding)(ding)，并(bing)按照效(xiao)率(lv)調整，進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)豐(feng)富了(le)工(gong)資(zi)與(yu)效(xiao)益(yi)掛鉤的(de)(de)內涵，全(quan)面樹立(li)“工(gong)資(zi)是掙出來(lai)”的(de)(de)核心理念。再比如(ru)《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)簡(jian)化了(le)出資(zi)人(ren)根據國(guo)家要求(qiu)調控企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)水平的(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)，突出了(le)出資(zi)人(ren)以管(guan)資(zi)本為主加強監管(guan)、簡(jian)政放(fang)權(quan)的(de)(de)管(guan)理導向(xiang)，釋放(fang)了(le)積極的(de)(de)改革(ge)信號。同時，《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》還明確了(le)企(qi)(qi)業同口(kou)徑增(zeng)(zeng)人(ren)不增(zeng)(zeng)工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)、減人(ren)不減工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)的(de)(de)有(you)關規定(ding)(ding)，鼓勵中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業提高用(yong)人(ren)效(xiao)率(lv)。

四是進一(yi)步(bu)強調深(shen)化(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)制度改革。《辦法》在宏觀層面完善國家、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和職工(gong)三者工(gong)資分(fen)(fen)配(pei)關系的(de)同(tong)時，強調企(qi)業(ye)(ye)作為內(nei)(nei)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)的(de)責任主體，應當持續深(shen)化(hua)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)三項(xiang)制度改革，構建形(xing)成(cheng)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)管(guan)理人員(yuan)能(neng)上能(neng)下、員(yuan)工(gong)能(neng)進能(neng)出、收入(ru)(ru)能(neng)增能(neng)減(jian)的(de)市場(chang)化(hua)勞動用工(gong)和收入(ru)(ru)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)管(guan)理機制，切實承(cheng)擔起搞(gao)好、搞(gao)活企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)的(de)職責。

五是進一步強(qiang)調工資總額管(guan)理的(de)監督(du)檢查，明確(que)(que)界定(ding)企(qi)(qi)業的(de)違規(gui)責任。如(ru)明確(que)(que)對(dui)于(yu)實(shi)施備(bei)案制管(guan)理的(de)企(qi)(qi)業，出現(xian)嚴重違反國家和(he)國資委關(guan)于(yu)收入(ru)分配有(you)關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)，將(jiang)其工資總額預算(suan)管(guan)理方式(shi)由備(bei)案制調整為核準制，確(que)(que)保(bao)做(zuo)到權責對(dui)等。同時，《辦法》明確(que)(que)將(jiang)企(qi)(qi)業工資總額管(guan)理情況納入(ru)各項監督(du)檢查范圍，與(yu)審計、巡視(shi)等工作形成合力，切實(shi)保(bao)證監管(guan)到位(wei)。

總的(de)來(lai)說，《辦法》較好地(di)體現(xian)(xian)了中發(fa)22號文件的(de)改(gai)革(ge)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，體現(xian)(xian)了黨(dang)的(de)十(shi)九大提出(chu)的(de)堅(jian)持質(zhi)量第(di)一、效益優(you)(you)先(xian)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)理念，符合此(ci)前國有(you)(you)企(qi)業(ye)改(gai)革(ge)座(zuo)談會(hui)提出(chu)強化(hua)正向激(ji)勵的(de)有(you)(you)關精(jing)神，符合中央(yang)關于簡(jian)政放權、“放管(guan)服”的(de)改(gai)革(ge)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，對(dui)促進中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)實現(xian)(xian)高質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)、推動(dong)國有(you)(you)資本做強做優(you)(you)做大，加快(kuai)培育具有(you)(you)全球競爭力的(de)世(shi)界一流企(qi)業(ye)具有(you)(you)重要(yao)(yao)意義。

問：根(gen)據(ju)新的《辦法(fa)》，中央企(qi)業職工(gong)工(gong)資(zi)總額具體如何(he)決(jue)定(ding)？

答(da)：《辦(ban)法》緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞建立健全“一適應、兩掛(gua)鉤(gou)”工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)決(jue)定機制(zhi)的(de)要求，提(ti)出(chu)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預算主(zhu)要按(an)照效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)決(jue)定、效(xiao)(xiao)率調(diao)整、水(shui)平(ping)(ping)調(diao)控三(san)(san)個(ge)環節決(jue)定。一是工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)主(zhu)要與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)幅掛(gua)鉤(gou)聯動(dong)。《辦(ban)法》明確(que)(que)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預算與(yu)利潤總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)等(deng)(deng)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)指(zhi)標(biao)的(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績考核目標(biao)值(zhi)掛(gua)鉤(gou)，并且根據(ju)目標(biao)值(zhi)的(de)先(xian)進(jin)程度(du)(du)確(que)(que)定不同(tong)的(de)預算水(shui)平(ping)(ping)，引導中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過完成高(gao)(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)展目標(biao)帶(dai)動(dong)職工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)合理(li)有(you)(you)(you)序增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。二是工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)幅應當根據(ju)效(xiao)(xiao)率水(shui)平(ping)(ping)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)適度(du)(du)調(diao)整。《辦(ban)法》提(ti)出(chu)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)還應當通過人(ren)工(gong)(gong)成本(ben)投入(ru)產出(chu)效(xiao)(xiao)率、勞(lao)動(dong)生產率等(deng)(deng)指(zhi)標(biao)對標(biao)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)調(diao)整，突(tu)出(chu)引導企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)率的(de)管理(li)導向(xiang)，進(jin)一步協調(diao)不同(tong)效(xiao)(xiao)率企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間的(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)配關系，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)決(jue)定機制(zhi)的(de)科(ke)(ke)學性與(yu)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性。三(san)(san)是注重收入(ru)分(fen)配公(gong)平(ping)(ping)，國資(zi)(zi)(zi)委按(an)照國家有(you)(you)(you)關部門發(fa)布的(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)指(zhi)導線(xian)和(he)(he)對非競(jing)爭(zheng)類國有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)調(diao)控要求，對部分(fen)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)偏高(gao)(gao)、過高(gao)(gao)的(de)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤其是主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不屬于(yu)充分(fen)競(jing)爭(zheng)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)領域的(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)過快的(de)情況進(jin)行(xing)(xing)適當約束，確(que)(que)保企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)幅度(du)(du)更加(jia)公(gong)平(ping)(ping)合理(li)、規范(fan)有(you)(you)(you)序。同(tong)時，對中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)承擔重大專項任務、重大科(ke)(ke)技(ji)創新項目等(deng)(deng)特殊事項的(de)，也明確(que)(que)要予以適度(du)(du)支持。

問：分(fen)類管理是(shi)當前深(shen)化(hua)國有企業改(gai)革的重要手段，《辦法(fa)》針對不同功(gong)能(neng)定(ding)位(wei)的中央企業采(cai)取了哪(na)些差異化(hua)的工資總(zong)額監管措施。

答：《辦(ban)(ban)法》提(ti)出(chu)按照功能定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分類(lei)(lei)管理(li)。一是(shi)(shi)對(dui)不同功能定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)采取(qu)差異化(hua)的(de)管理(li)方(fang)式(shi)。對(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)充分競(jing)爭行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算原則上全(quan)部實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)備案制管理(li)，由企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)董事(shi)會在(zai)依(yi)法依(yi)規(gui)的(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)，自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)決(jue)定(ding)年度工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委由事(shi)前(qian)核(he)準(zhun)轉變為事(shi)前(qian)引導(dao)、事(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)監測和(he)(he)事(shi)后(hou)監督；對(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)關系國(guo)家安全(quan)、國(guo)民(min)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)命(ming)脈的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關鍵領(ling)域(yu)、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)承(cheng)擔重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)專項任務的(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)以提(ti)供公(gong)(gong)共產品和(he)(he)服務為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算繼(ji)續實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)核(he)準(zhun)制管理(li)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)與(yu)國(guo)企(qi)(qi)國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)改革(ge)(ge)試(shi)點(dian)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)全(quan)面對(dui)接。對(dui)開展(zhan)國(guo)有資(zi)(zi)(zi)本投資(zi)(zi)(zi)、運(yun)營公(gong)(gong)司或者混合所有制改革(ge)(ge)等試(shi)點(dian)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提(ti)出(chu)可(ke)以探(tan)索實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)更(geng)加靈(ling)活高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管理(li)方(fang)式(shi)。三是(shi)(shi)對(dui)不同功能定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差異化(hua)的(de)決(jue)定(ding)機(ji)制。《辦(ban)(ban)法》規(gui)定(ding)，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)以根據功能定(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，在(zai)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)與(yu)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)(yi)匹配(pei)的(de)大(da)原則下(xia)，選取(qu)差異化(hua)的(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)(yi)指(zhi)標與(yu)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增長(chang)掛鉤，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)于(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)關系國(guo)家安全(quan)、國(guo)民(min)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)命(ming)脈的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關鍵領(ling)域(yu)、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)承(cheng)擔重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)專項任務的(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，可(ke)以探(tan)索結構化(hua)管理(li)方(fang)式(shi)，允許企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)中(zhong)(zhong)自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)確定(ding)一定(ding)比(bi)例的(de)保障性工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)，與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所承(cheng)擔特殊任務和(he)(he)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)性業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務完成情況(kuang)掛鉤，促進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)現(xian)社會效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)(he)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)(yi)有機(ji)統一，更(geng)好(hao)發(fa)揮各類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)功能作(zuo)(zuo)用，更(geng)好(hao)地(di)契(qi)合了(le)當前(qian)分類(lei)(lei)推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)有企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改革(ge)(ge)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)總(zong)(zong)體方(fang)向。

問：請介(jie)紹國資委下一步的工作安排。

答：《辦法》于(yu)2019年在中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)全面施行(xing)，此次對中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資總額決定機制和(he)管理制度(du)體(ti)系進行(xing)全面改(gai)革，事關中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)改(gai)革發展，事關廣(guang)大企(qi)(qi)業(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)切身利益(yi)，事關收入分配和(he)諧有序，涉及面廣(guang)、政策性(xing)強、影(ying)響力大。國資委將在今后(hou)一個時(shi)期，采取積極措施，統籌(chou)推進工(gong)作(zuo)，確保(bao)《辦法》全面貫徹落實。

一是國資(zi)委將按照《辦(ban)法》，全面部署2019年中央企(qi)業工資(zi)總額預算管理相關工作。

二是(shi)加快相關配套文件的正式出臺(tai)。包括(kuo)《辦法》中(zhong)工資(zi)決定機制的具體實(shi)施(shi)規(gui)程、備案制管(guan)理實(shi)施(shi)方案、周期制管(guan)理實(shi)施(shi)方案以(yi)及工資(zi)管(guan)理特殊事項清(qing)單(dan)等，將盡快研究出臺(tai)完整(zheng)的工資(zi)管(guan)理政策體系，以(yi)利企業執行。

三是加(jia)大政策宣(xuan)貫和(he)培(pei)訓力度。國資委將(jiang)組織(zhi)系列面向中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)政策培(pei)訓，通過政策宣(xuan)講、專家解(jie)讀(du)、專題培(pei)訓等多(duo)種形(xing)式，確保各中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)準確把握《辦法》精神實質，并推動中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)制定(ding)和(he)完善本企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)工(gong)資總額管理制度體系。

四是協同(tong)(tong)推進(jin)工(gong)資分配相關(guan)配套改革(ge)(ge)(ge)。2019年，國資委將進(jin)一步(bu)深入(ru)推進(jin)中(zhong)央(yang)企業內(nei)部三(san)項制(zhi)度(du)改革(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)作，加快推進(jin)企業建立健全市場化勞(lao)動用工(gong)和(he)收入(ru)分配管理機(ji)制(zhi)，持續增強企業活力與競爭力。同(tong)(tong)時，在(zai)加大出資人授權(quan)(quan)改革(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)同(tong)(tong)時，加強對(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)企業工(gong)資分配合規性的(de)監(jian)督(du)檢查，強化事(shi)中(zhong)監(jian)測和(he)事(shi)后監(jian)督(du)，確保權(quan)(quan)力放(fang)得(de)下、接得(de)住。

【責任編輯：李瑛】